Yintoni i-Laser Welding? Zithini iingenelo zeOomatshini bokuWelda ngeLaser?
Ukuwelda nge-laser yinkqubo yokuwelda esebenzisa umqadi we-laser onamandla aphezulu ogxile kwindawo yokuwelda ukuze kunyibilike ngokukhawuleza izinto zasekuhlaleni kwaye kwenze ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo. Nje ukuba ichibi liphole, kubakho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kwezinto. Iimpawu zalo eziphambili ngamandla aqinileyo, ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokwakheka kwe-weld ngokuchanekileyo.
Njengezixhobo, oomatshini bokuwelda nge-laser banikezela ngeenzuzo ezibalaseleyo ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuguquguquka, besombulula ngempumelelo amanqaku amaninzi entlungu yokuwelda kwendabuko. Iinkcukacha zezi zilandelayo:
Okokuqala: Yintoni kanye kanyeUkuwelda ngeLaser?
Umgaqo wokuwelda nge-laser ungahlulwahlulwa ube ngamanyathelo amathathu:
Ijenereyitha yelaser ivelisa umqadi welaser onamandla aphezulu, ojoliswa yinkqubo ye-optical ukuze kufikelelwe kuxinano lwamandla oluyi-10⁴–10⁶ W/cm².
Umqadi welaser ogxileyo usebenza phezu kwezinto eziza kudityaniswa (ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwayo, i-aluminium alloy, i-carbon steel, njl.njl.), ufudumeza ngoko nangoko iindawo zasekuhlaleni zibe kwimeko enyibilikileyo kwaye wenze ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo.
Njengoko umqadi welaser uhamba ngendlela emiselweyo, ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo lihlala libumbeka kwaye liphola ngokukhawuleza, ekugqibeleni lenze umthungo oqhubekayo, oxineneyo weld ukuze kudityaniswe ngaphandle komthungo.
Xa kuthelekiswa neukuwelda kwe-arc yendabuko kunye nokuwelda kwe-argon arc, ukuwelda nge-laser akudingi ii-electrode okanye ucingo lokuzalisa (ucingo lusetyenziswa kuphela kwezinye iimeko). Luxhomekeke kuphela kumandla e-laser, nto leyo ebangela ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kakhulu kobushushu kwizinto.
Iingenelo Eziphambili Zoomatshini Bokuwelda NgeLaser
Amandla amane abalulekileyo okuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuvelisa
1. Umgangatho weWelding oPhezulu: Ubuchule obuphezulu, Ukuguqulwa okuphantsi, Ukulungiswa okuncinci
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-weld: Amandla e-laser aqinileyo enza ii-welds ezincinci (ezincinci njenge-0.1 mm) ezinokungena ngokulinganayo, ii-pores kunye ne-inclusions ezimbalwa. Amandla okuxinana kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuphuculwe ngama-20%–30% ngaphezu kwe-welding yendabuko, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwizixhobo zonyango, izinto ze-elektroniki kunye nezinye izicelo ezichanekileyo.
Ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kwemisebenzi: Indawo echaphazeleka bubushushu yi-1/5 ukuya kwi-1/10 kuphela kuneyokuwelda eqhelekileyo. Xa kudityaniswa intsimbi engatyiwayo ebhityileyo nebhityileyo njenge-0.5 mm, ukugoba kuyaphela, nto leyo enciphisa ukomelela nokusila emva kokuwelda.
Inkangeleko ecocekileyo ngobuhle: Ii-welds ezithambileyo nezithe tyaba azifuni kupholishwa kakhulu okanye azifuni kwaphela, zifanelekile kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ezinje ngezinto zesinyithi kunye nezindlu zezixhobo.
2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweWelding: Isantya esikhawulezayo, i-Outomation ephezulu, iindleko eziphantsi zomsebenzi
Isantya esiphezulu sokuwelda: Uxinano lwamandla aphezulu luvumela isantya esiphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kune-argon arc welding eqhelekileyo. Kwi-2 mm carbon steel, isantya sinokufikelela kwi-10-15 mm/s, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu imijikelo yemveliso yobunzima.
Ukuzisebenzela okulula: Abawelda beLaser banokudityaniswa neenkqubo zeCNC, iingalo zerobhothi okanye indawo ebonakalayoukuwelda kwendlela ezenzekelayo, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumsebenzi wezandla kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho weqela ohambelanayo.
Unyango lwangaphambi kokulungiswa lula: Iimfuneko ezingqongqo zokucoceka komphezulu; iileya zeoyile ekhanyayo okanye i-oxide zinokususwa ngokuthe ngqo ngamandla elaser, oko konga ixesha lokulungiselela.
3. Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo: Ziyasebenziseka kwizinto ezincinci/ezityebileyo nezingafaniyo
Ukuhambelana kwezinto ezibanzi: Idibanisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni, i-aluminium alloy, i-copper alloy kwaye ivumela ukudityaniswa kwesinyithi okwahlukileyo (umz., intsimbi engagqwaliyo kwintsimbi yekhabhoni, i-aluminium ukuya kwi-magnesium), ukoyisa imida yeendlela zemveli.
Ukuguquguquka kwesixhobo somsebenzi esiguquguqukayo: Siphatha iinxalenye ezincinci ezichanekileyo (0.1 mm) ezifana neepini zesensor kunye neepleyiti ezinde ezingaphezu kwe-10 mm (ezineemodeli ezinamandla aphezulu). Ukuhlanganiswa kwerobhothi kwenza kube lula ukuwelda ngokuchanekileyo kweemilo ezingaqhelekanga kunye neendlela ezintsonkothileyo, kusetyenziswa iimoto, isinyithi, inqwelo moya kunye nezinye izimboni.
4. Iindleko eziphantsi zexesha elide: Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezimbalwa, ukulungiswa okulula
Iindleko eziphantsi ezisetyenziswayo: Akukho zinduku zokuwelda okanye ucingo olubanzi lokuzalisa; kufuneka igesi encinci yokukhusela (umz., i-argon). Iindleko ezisetyenziswayo zexesha elide zincitshiswe ngaphezulu kwama-30% xa kuthelekiswa nokuwelda kwendabuko.
Ulondolozo olulula: Ulwakhiwo oluncinci, ubomi obude benkonzo yezinto eziphambili (umthombo welaser, intloko yelaser) obudlula iiyure ezili-10,000. Ulondolozo oluqhelekileyo luquka kuphela ukucoca i-optics kunye nokujonga iinkqubo zokupholisa.
Umlinganiselo ophantsi wokusebenza: Akukho bathungi abanobuchule obuphezulu abafunekayo; abaqhubi abatsha banokukwazi ukusebenzisa izinto ezisisiseko kwiiveki ezi-1-2, nto leyo enciphisa ukuxhomekeka kubasebenzi abadala.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-17-2026
