Umatshini wokusika iLaser yobucwebe: Utshintsho olukhokelayo kuShishino kunye nokungenisa ixesha elitsha lokuvelisa izinto zodidi oluphezulu
Umatshini wokusika iLaser yobucwebe: Utshintsho olukhokelayo kuShishino kunye nokungenisa ixesha elitsha lokuvelisa izinto zodidi oluphezulu
Kwishishini lobucwebe, apho ukuphishekela ubugcisa obugqwesileyo kunye noyilo olulungiselelwe wena lulawula khona, kukho utshintsho olukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Okwangoku, uyilo olutsha kakhulu.umatshini wokusika we-laser wezinto zokuhombisaiye yavela, yazisa utshintsho olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kulo lonke eli shishini kwaye yabhala ngokutsha ngokupheleleyo imithetho yokwenziwa kwezinto zobucwebe.
Lo matshini wokusika ubucwebe obuphambili nge-laser ube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiingcali zobucwebe, ngenxa yokuchaneka kwawo okubalaseleyo kokusika. Ungafikelela ekuchanekeni okumangalisayo kokubeka indawo kwe-±0.01mm, oko kuthetha ukuba xa usika izinto ezithambileyo ezifana neentambo zomqala ezibhityileyo kunye neziseko ezincinci zokubeka iilitye, unokuqinisekisa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo ngaphandle kokuphambuka. Oku kuphucula kakhulu umgangatho kunye nobuhle bezinto zobucwebe, okwenza isiqwenga ngasinye sibe nesiphako njengomsebenzi wobugcisa.
Xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zokusika zendabuko, umatshini wokusika ubucwebe be-laser ubonisa iingenelo ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto ekusikeni iipateni kunye neemilo ezintsonkothileyo. Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yedijithali, unokutolika ngokulula iingcamango ezinesibindi neziyingcinga zabayili—nokuba ziipateni zeleyisi ezintle okanye uyilo olukhethekileyo lwejometri olunemiqolo, zonke zinokusikwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ziboniswe ngokugqibeleleyo. Eli nqanaba liphezulu lokuguquguquka kunye nokuchaneka aliboneleli nje kuphela abayili indawo ebanzi yokudala yokuguqula iingcamango zabo ezimangalisayo zibe yinyani kodwa likwayenza imveliso yobucwebe eyenzelwe wena isebenze ngakumbi kwaye ilula, yanelisa umnqweno onamandla wabathengi wobucwebe obukhethekileyo.
Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle yenye into ebalulekileyo kwezi zixhobo. Kwimeko yeshishini lanamhlanje ekhawulezayo, ixesha lilingana nemali. Ngesantya sayo sokusika ngokukhawuleza, umatshini wokusika ubucwebe nge-laser uyawufinyeza kakhulu umjikelo wemveliso. Umsebenzi wokusika owawuthatha iiyure okanye iintsuku ngoku unokugqitywa ngemizuzu elishumi kuphela ngesi sixhobo siphambili, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yamashishini kwaye iphucula ukhuphiswano lwawo kwimarike. Ukuthatha imveliso enkulu yeependants zesinyithi ezilula njengomzekelo, iinkqubo zemveli zinokuthatha iiyure ezininzi, ngelixaumatshini wokusika nge-laserifuna malunga nesiqingatha seyure kuphela— ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle kuyacaca.
Umatshini wokusika i-laser yobucwebe uphinda usebenze kakuhle kakhulu ngokubhekiselele ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto. Umthungo wawo wokusika omxinwa kakhulu unciphisa inkunkuma yezinto. Le nzuzo ibaluleke kakhulu kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezifana negolide neplatinum. Inkqubo nganye yokusika ingalawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kwandiswe ukugcinwa kwezinto, kuncitshiswe iindleko zemveliso, kwaye kudale iingenelo eziphezulu kwezoqoqosho kumashishini. Ngokwezibalo zangempela, emva kokusebenzisa umatshini wokusika i-laser yobucwebe, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunokwandiswa nge-10% - 20%, nto leyo eya kusindisa amashishini iindleko ezininzi ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Iimpawu ezininzi zezacholo ezaziwayo ziye zakhokela ekuziseni lo matshini wokusika ilaser yezacholo kwaye zafumana iziphumo ezimangalisayo. Emva kokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo, uphawu lwezacholo olukumgangatho wokuqala lwamazwe ngamazwe lonyuse isantya sokuqaliswa kwemveliso yalo entsha ngama-30%, lanciphisa izinga leziphene zemveliso laya ngaphantsi kwe-1%, laphucula kakhulu ulwaneliseko lwabathengi ngobuchule bemveliso, kwaye lafumana ukukhula kwentengiso ngama-20% kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Ukongeza, uphawu olukhethekileyo olugxile kwizinto zezacholo ezenzelwe wena, ngoncedo lomatshini wokusika ilaser, lunokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno zabathengi ezenzelwe wena, lufezekise ukukhula kwama-50% kwiiodolo kwisithuba sonyaka omnye kwaye luphumelele kwimarike ekhuphisanayo kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kunye nobuchule kwesayensi netekhnoloji, umatshini wokusika i-laser yobucwebe unekamva eliqaqambileyo lophuhliso. Kwixesha elizayo, uya kuqhubeka nokukhula uye kwi-c Umzekelo, unokudibanisa itekhnoloji yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukuze kufezekiswe ukuqondwa ngokuzenzekelayo kweepateni zoyilo kunye nokwenza ngcono iindlela zokusika, ukuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kokusika kunye nomgangatho; ngokubhekiselele ekuzivumelaniseni nezixhobo zokusika, uya kuqhubeka nokukhula, okwenza ukuba akwazi ukucubungula iintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezintsha zobucwebe. Kuyabonakala ukuba ngenkxaso yomatshini wokusika i-laser yobucwebe, ishishini lobucwebe liya kwamkela ikamva eliqaqambileyo kwaye lizise abathengi imisebenzi yobucwebe egqwesileyo neyahlukileyo.
Umatshini wokusika ngeLaser (Izixhobo eziPhambili)
- Umgaqo: Isebenzisa umqadi welaser oxineneyo ngamandla aphezulu (uninzi lwelaser yefayibha okanye ilaser yeCO₂) ukugxila kumphezulu wesinyithi, inyibilikise ngoko nangoko okanye iguqule izinto zesinyithi zibe ngumphunga. Isebenzisana nenkqubo yolawulo lwamanani ukulawula indlela yokusika, ifezekisa ukusika okuchanekileyo.
- Iingenelo: Ukulungiswa okungachukumisiyo, akukho xinzelelo loomatshini, ukuphepha ukuguquka kwesinyithi; imiphetho yokusika egudileyo nethe tyaba (enoburhabaxa obufikelela kwi-Ra0.8μm okanye ngaphantsi), akukho mfuneko yokupolisha okulandelayo; ukuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu (ukuchaneka kokubeka kwe-±0.01mm), okukwaziyo ukusika iipateni ezintsonkothileyo (ezifana noseto lweringi olungenanto kunye nezinto ezineepateni).
- Ukusetyenziswa: Ukusikwa kweentsimbi ezingenanto (umz., ukunqumla iibha zegolide zibe zibukhulu obufunekayo kwiindawo zokuseta izangqa), ukunqumla iimilo ezintsonkothileyo (umz., imida yeendandatho kunye nezibiyeli zeeringi).
Iimpawu zoBugcisa eziPhambili (Umahluko kwiimashini zokusika zemizi-mveliso)
- Imfuneko yokuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu: Izinto zobucwebe zihlala zincinci ngobukhulu (umz., izikhonkwane zeendlebe ezinobubanzi obuyi-2-5mm, ubuso belitye elinqabileyo obunobude obusecaleni obuyi-0.5-2mm), ngoko ke ukuchaneka kokubeka umatshini wokusika kufuneka kufikelele ku-±0.005-0.01mm, okungaphezulu kakhulu kunezixhobo zoshishino (±0.05mm).
- Ukulungiswa komonakalo omncinci: Ukulungiswa kwamandla aphantsi: Ukusika ubucwebe akudingi amandla aphezulu ezixhobo zoshishino (umz., amandla e-laser yezoshishino aqala kwi-500W ukuya kwi-2000W). Amandla e-laserukusika isinyithi esixabisekileyoubukhulu becala yi-20-100W, kwaye amandla elaser okusika amatye anqabileyo yi-5-30W, ukuze kuthintelwe ukufuma kwezinto ngokugqithisileyo.
- Iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo kufuneka ziphephe ukuguquka okubangelwa luxinzelelo loomatshini, ngoko ke ukusika nge-laser okungahambelaniyo kusetyenziswa kakhulu;
- Iilitye ezinqabileyo kufuneka ziphephe “ukuqhekeka kobushushu” okubangelwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngoko ke kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokupholisa amanzi (isantya sokupholisa > 50℃/s) okanye iteknoloji yelaser ebandayo.
- Ukusebenza ngokubonakalayo: Ezinye izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokufota ngemicroscope (ukwandiswa kwe-10-50 times) ukujonga inkqubo yokusika ngexesha langempela, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweepateni okanye ii-facets.
