Yintoni ukusika ngeLaser?

Ukusika nge-laser yindlela yokusika ngobushushu esebenzisa umqadi we-laser ogxile kumandla aphezulu ukuze kukhanye indawo yokusebenza. Oku kubangela ukuba izinto ezikhanyisiweyo zinyibilike ngokukhawuleza, zitshise, zivuthe, okanye zifikelele kwindawo yazo yokutsha. Okwangoku, ukuhamba komoya ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nomqadi we-laser kuyayisusa into enyibilikisiweyo, ngaloo ndlela kunqumle indawo yokusebenza.

Uhlu kunye neempawu zokusika ngeLaser

Ukusikwa kwelaser kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziintlobo ezine: ukusikwa kwelaser vaporization, ukusikwa kwelaser fusion, ukusikwa kwelaser oxygen, kunye nokusikwa kwelaser kunye nokuqhekeka okulawulwayo.

Ukusikwa kwe-Laser Vaporization

Isebenzisa umqadi welaser oxineneyo ngamandla aphezulu ukufudumeza i-workpiece, inyusa ubushushu bayo ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwinqanaba lokubila kwento ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba into iphele kwaye yenze umphunga. Umphunga ukhutshwa ngesantya esiphezulu, nto leyo edala ukunqunyulwa kwento njengoko iphuma. Ekubeni uninzi lwezinto lunobushushu obuphezulu bokufuma, ukusikwa kwelaser vaporization kufuna amandla amakhulu kunye noxinano lwamandla.

Ukusika i-Laser Fusion

Kwi-laser fusion cutting, i-laser iyatshisa kwaye inyibilikise izinto zesinyithi. Igesi engeyiyo i-oxidizing (ezifana ne-Ar, He, N, njl.njl.) emva koko ivuthelwa kwi-nozzle coaxial ene-laser beam. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegesi lukhupha isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, yenze ukusika. Ngokungafaniyo nokusika i-vaporization, le ndlela ayifuni ukwenziwa kwe-vaporization epheleleyo kwaye itya kuphela i-1/10 yamandla afunekayo ekusikweni kwe-vaporization. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni iintsimbi ezingenakunyibilika okanye ezisabelayo, kubandakanya intsimbi engagqwaliyo, i-titanium, i-aluminium, kunye nee-alloys zazo.

Ukusikwa kweOksijini ngeLaser

Umgaqo wokusika ioksijini ngelaser ufana nokusika i-oxyacetylene. Ilaser isebenza njengomthombo wobushushu obufudumezayo, ngelixa iigesi ezisebenzayo (ezifana neoksijini) zisebenza njengegesi yokusika. Kwelinye icala, igesi evuthuzayo isabela kunye nesinyithi esinqunyiweyo, ibangela impendulo ye-oxidation ekhupha ubushushu obukhulu be-oxidation. Kwelinye icala, ikhupha ii-oxides ezinyibilikisiweyo kwaye inyibilike kwindawo yokusabela, yenze ukusika kwisinyithi. Impendulo ye-oxidation ngexesha lokusika ivelisa ubushushu obukhulu, ngoko ke ukusika ioksijini ngelaser kufuna kuphela isiqingatha samandla okusika i-fusion, ngelixa isantya sayo sokusika sikhawuleza kakhulu kunesokufuma kunye nokusika i-fusion. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizinto zesinyithi ezinokufudumeza njengentsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi yetitanium, kunye nentsimbi ephathwa ngobushushu.

Ukubhala ngeLaser kunye nokuqhekeka okuLawulwayo

Ukubhala nge-laser kusebenzisa i-laser enamandla aphezulu ukuskena umphezulu wezinto ezibuthathaka, okubangela ukuba umngxuma omncinci uphume. Ukusebenzisa uxinzelelo oluthile kubangela ukuba izinto ezibuthathaka ziqhekeke ecaleni komngxuma. Ii-laser ezitshintshiweyo ze-Q kunye nee-laser ze-CO₂ zihlala zisetyenziswa ekubhaleni nge-laser. Ukwaphuka okulawulwayo kusebenzisa ukusasazwa kobushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa ngexesha lokubhala nge-laser ukudala uxinzelelo lobushushu lwendawo kwizinto ezibuthathaka, okubangela ukuba ziqhekeke ecaleni komngxuma obhaliweyo.

Usetyenziso lweLaser Cutting

Uninzi loomatshini bokusika i-laser basebenza ngeenkqubo zolawulo lwamanani (NC) okanye balungiselelwe njengeerobhothi zokusika. Njengendlela yokucubungula ngokuchanekileyo, ukusika i-laser kunokusika phantse zonke izinto, kubandakanya ukusika amaphepha esinyithi abhityileyo e-2D okanye e-3D. Kwicandelo le-aerospace, iteknoloji yokusika i-laser isetyenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-aerospace ezifana ne-titanium alloys, i-aluminium alloys, i-nickel alloys, i-chromium alloys, intsimbi engatyiwayo, i-beryllium oxide, izinto ezidityanisiweyo, iiplastiki, i-ceramics, kunye ne-quartz. Izinto ze-aerospace ezicutshungulwa ngokusika i-laser ziquka iityhubhu zomlilo wenjini, ii-casings ze-titanium alloy ezixineneyo, iifreyimu zeenqwelo-moya, izikhumba ze-titanium alloy, ii-wing stringers, iiphaneli zamaphiko omsila, ii-helicopter main rotors, kunye neethayile zokukhusela ubushushu ze-ceramic ze-shuttle space.