Ukwakhiwa nokuphuhliswa kwemingxuma yesitshixo:
Inkcazo yomngxuma wesitshixo: Xa ukukhanya kwemitha kungaphezulu kwe-10 ^ 6W/cm ^ 2, umphezulu wezinto uyanyibilika uze uphele phantsi kwesenzo selaser. Xa isantya somphunga sikhulu ngokwaneleyo, uxinzelelo lokubuyela umva komphunga oluvelisiweyo lwanele ukoyisa uxinzelelo lomphezulu kunye nobunzima bolwelo besinyithi solwelo, ngaloo ndlela kushenxiswa enye yesinyithi solwelo, okubangela ukuba ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo kwindawo yokukhupha umoya litshone kwaye lenze imingxunya emincinci; Umsebe wokukhanya usebenza ngokuthe ngqo ezantsi komngxuma omncinci, okubangela ukuba isinyithi sinyibilike ngakumbi kwaye sibe negesi. Umphunga woxinzelelo oluphezulu uyaqhubeka nokunyanzela isinyithi solwelo esezantsi komngxuma ukuba sihambe siye kumda wechibi elinyibilikisiweyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umngxuma omncinci unzulu ngakumbi. Le nkqubo iyaqhubeka, ekugqibeleni yenza umngxuma ofana nomngxuma wesitshixo kwisinyithi solwelo. Xa uxinzelelo lomphunga wesinyithi oluveliswa ngumngxuma welaser emngxunyeni omncinci lufikelela kumlinganiselo woxinzelelo lomphezulu kunye nobunzima besinyithi solwelo, umngxuma omncinci awusanzulu kwaye wenze umngxuma omncinci ozinzileyo, obizwa ngokuba "yimpembelelo yomngxuma omncinci".
Njengoko umqadi welaser uhamba ngokumalunga nomsebenzi, umngxuma omncinci ubonisa umphambili ogobileyo kancinci kunye nonxantathu ogobileyo ocacileyo ngasemva. Umphetho ongaphambili womngxuma omncinci yindawo yesenzo selaser, enobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lomphunga, ngelixa ubushushu obusecaleni komphetho ongasemva buphantsi kwaye uxinzelelo lomphunga luncinci. Phantsi kolu mahluko woxinzelelo kunye nobushushu, ulwelo olunyibilikisiweyo lujikeleza umngxuma omncinci ukusuka kwisiphelo esingaphambili ukuya kwisiphelo esingasemva, lwenze i-vortex kwisiphelo esingasemva somngxuma omncinci, kwaye ekugqibeleni luqina kumphetho ongasemva. Imeko eguqukayo yomngxuma wesitshixo ofunyenwe ngokulinganisa kwelaser kunye nokuwelda kokwenyani iboniswe kumfanekiso ongentla, Imo yemingxunya emincinci kunye nokuhamba kolwelo olunyibilikisiweyo olujikelezileyo ngexesha lokuhamba ngesantya esahlukileyo.
Ngenxa yokuba kukho imingxunya emincinci, amandla e-laser beam angena ngaphakathi kwezinto, enze lo mthungo we-weld onzulu nomncinci. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuma kwe-weld seam ye-laser deep penetration iboniswe kumfanekiso ongentla. Ubunzulu bokungena kwe-weld seam busondele kubunzulu be-keyhole (ukuchaneka, umaleko we-metallographic unzulu nge-60-100um kunomngxuma wesitshixo, umaleko omnye ongaphantsi kolwelo). Okukhona uxinano lwamandla e-laser luphezulu, kokukhona umngxuma omncinci usiba nzulu, kwaye kokukhona ubunzulu bokungena kwe-weld seam bukhulu. Kwi-laser welding enamandla aphezulu, umlinganiselo wobunzulu nobubanzi bomthungo we-weld unokufikelela kwi-12:1.
Uhlalutyo lokufunxwa kweamandla elezangomngxuma wesitshixo
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe imingxunya emincinci kunye neplasma, amandla elaser adluliselwa ikakhulu ngaphakathi kwento yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu. Inkqubo yokuhlanganisa imele ukuxinana okuqhubayo (enobunzulu bokungena obungaphantsi kwe-0.5mm), kwaye izinga lokufunxwa kwezinto zelaser liphakathi kwama-25-45%. Nje ukuba isitshixo senziwe, amandla elaser afunxwa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwento yokusebenza ngesiphumo sesitshixo, kwaye inkqubo yokuhlanganisa iba yi-deep penetration welding (enobunzulu bokungena obungaphezulu kwe-0.5mm), izinga lokufunxwa linokufikelela ngaphezulu kwama-60-90%.
Isiphumo se-keyhole sidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukufunxwa kwe-laser ngexesha lokucubungula okufana nokuwelda nge-laser, ukusika, kunye nokubhoboza. Umqadi we-laser ongena kwi-keyhole uphantse ufunxwe ngokupheleleyo ngokukhanya okuninzi okuvela eludongeni lomngxuma.
Ngokwesiqhelo kukholelwa ukuba indlela yokufunxa amandla yelaser ngaphakathi kwisitshixo ibandakanya iinkqubo ezimbini: ukufunxa okungasemva kunye nokufunxa iFresnel.
Ibhalansi yoxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwesitshixo
Ngexesha lokuwelda ngobunzulu nge-laser, izinto ziyafuma kakhulu, kwaye uxinzelelo lokwandiswa oluveliswa ngumphunga oshushu kakhulu lukhupha isinyithi esilulwelo, lwenze imingxunya emincinci. Ukongeza kuxinzelelo lomphunga kunye noxinzelelo lokufunxa (okwaziwa ngokuba yi-evaporation reaction force okanye uxinzelelo lokufunxa) kwezinto, kukwakho noxinzelelo lomphezulu, uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo lolwelo olubangelwa ngumxhuzulane, kunye noxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo lolwelo oluveliswa kukuhamba kwezinto ezinyibilikisiweyo ngaphakathi komngxuma omncinci. Phakathi kwezi xinzelelo, kuphela uxinzelelo lomphunga olugcina ukuvuleka komngxuma omncinci, ngelixa ezinye imikhosi emithathu zizama ukuvala umngxuma omncinci. Ukugcina uzinzo lomngxuma wesitshixo ngexesha lenkqubo yokufunxa, uxinzelelo lomphunga kufuneka lwanele ukoyisa olunye uxhathiso kunye nokufezekisa ukulingana, ukugcina uzinzo lwexesha elide lomngxuma wesitshixo. Ukuze kube lula, kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba imikhosi esebenza eludongeni lomngxuma wesitshixo ikakhulu luxinzelelo lokufunxa (uxinzelelo lokufunxa umphunga wesinyithi) kunye noxinzelelo lomphezulu.
Ukungazinzi kweKeyhole
Imvelaphi: I-laser isebenza phezu komphezulu wezinto, ibangela ukuba isinyithi esininzi siphele. Uxinzelelo lokubuya lucinezele echibini elinyibilikisiweyo, lwenze imingxuma yezitshixo kunye neplasma, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda kobunzulu bokunyibilika. Ngexesha lokuhamba, i-laser ibetha eludongeni lwangaphambili lomngxuma wesitshixo, kwaye indawo apho i-laser idibana khona nezinto iya kubangela ukufuma okukhulu kwezinto. Kwangaxeshanye, udonga lomngxuma wesitshixo luya kufumana ukulahleka okukhulu, kwaye ukufuma kuya kwenza uxinzelelo lokubuya oluya kucinezela isinyithi esilulwelo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba udonga lwangaphakathi lomngxuma wesitshixo lutshintshe luye ezantsi luze lujikeleze ezantsi komngxuma wesitshixo lusiya ngasemva kwedama elinyibilikisiweyo. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwedama elinyibilikisiweyo lolwelo ukusuka eludongeni lwangaphambili ukuya eludongeni lwangasemva, umthamo ongaphakathi komngxuma wesitshixo uhlala utshintsha. Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lomngxuma wesitshixo nalo luyatshintsha ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kutshintsho kumthamo weplasma etshiziweyo. Utshintsho kumthamo weplasma lukhokelela kutshintsho ekukhuseleni, ekugubungeleni, nasekufunxeni amandla e-laser, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho kumandla e-laser afikelela kumphezulu wezinto. Yonke le nkqubo itshintshatshintsha kwaye iphindaphindwa rhoqo, ekugqibeleni iphumela ekungeneni kwesinyithi okumile okwe-sawtooth nokunamaza, kwaye akukho weld yokungena elinganayo egudileyo, Lo mfanekiso ungentla ngumbono onqamlezileyo wembindi ye-weld efunyenwe ngokusika okude ngokuhambelana nembindi ye-weld, kunye nokulinganisa ngexesha langempela umahluko wobunzulu be-keyhole ngeIPG-LDD njengobungqina.
Phucula uzinzo lwendlela yokuvula isitshixo
Ngexesha lokuwelda ngobunzulu be-laser, ukuzinza komngxuma omncinci kunokuqinisekiswa kuphela yibhalansi eguquguqukayo yoxinzelelo olwahlukeneyo ngaphakathi komngxuma. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunxwa kwamandla e-laser ludonga lomngxuma kunye nokuphuma komphunga kwezinto, ukukhutshwa komphunga wesinyithi ngaphandle komngxuma omncinci, kunye nokuhamba phambili komngxuma omncinci kunye nedama elinyibilikisiweyo zonke ziinkqubo ezibukhali nezikhawulezayo. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo, ngamaxesha athile ngexesha lenkqubo yokuwelda, kukho ithuba lokuba ukuzinza komngxuma omncinci kunokuphazamiseka kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni, okukhokelela kwiziphene zokuwelda. Ezona ziqhelekileyo neziqhelekileyo ziziphene ze-poresity type small pore kunye nokusasazeka okubangelwa kukudilika komngxuma wesitshixo;
Ngoko ke ungayizinzisa njani i-keyhole?
Ukuguquguquka kolwelo lwe-keyhole luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye lubandakanya izinto ezininzi kakhulu (intsimi yobushushu, intsimi yokuhamba, intsimi yamandla, ifiziksi ye-optoelectronic), ezinokushwankathelwa nje zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo lomphezulu kunye noxinzelelo lokubuya komphunga wesinyithi; Uxinzelelo lokubuya komphunga wesinyithi lusebenza ngokuthe ngqo ekudalweni kwemingxuma yesitshixo, enxulumene kakhulu nobunzulu kunye nomthamo wemingxuma yesitshixo. Kwangaxeshanye, njengeyona nto inyukayo yomphunga wesinyithi kwinkqubo yokudibanisa, ikwanxulumene kakhulu nokwenzeka kokusasazeka; Uxinzelelo lomphezulu luchaphazela ukuhamba kwechibi elinyibilikisiweyo;
Ngoko ke inkqubo yokuwelda nge-laser ezinzileyo ixhomekeke ekugcineni i-gradient yosasazo loxinzelelo lomphezulu kwidama elinyibilikisiweyo, ngaphandle kokuguquguquka kakhulu. Uxinzelelo lomphezulu lunxulumene nosasazo lobushushu, kwaye usasazo lobushushu lunxulumene nomthombo wobushushu. Ke ngoko, umthombo wobushushu odibeneyo kunye nokuwelda nge-swing ziindlela zobugcisa ezinokubakho zenkqubo yokuwelda ezinzileyo;
Umphunga wesinyithi kunye nomthamo wesitshixo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe isiphumo seplasma kunye nobukhulu bokuvulwa kwesitshixo. Okukhona ukuvulwa kukhulu, kokukhona isitshixo sisikhulu, kunye nokuguquguquka okuncinci kwindawo esezantsi yedama elinyibilikayo, okunempembelelo encinci kumthamo wesitshixo kunye notshintsho lwangaphakathi loxinzelelo; Ngoko ke i-laser yemodi yeringi ehlengahlengiswayo (indawo ye-annular), i-laser arc recombination, i-frequency modulation, njl. zonke ziindlela ezinokwandiswa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-01-2023
