Ukusika nge-laserisicelo
Iilaser ze-CO2 ezihamba ngokukhawuleza zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni izinto zesinyithi nge-laser, ikakhulu ngenxa yomgangatho wazo olungileyo wemitha. Nangona ukubonakaliswa kweentsimbi ezininzi kwimitha ye-CO2 yelaser kuphezulu kakhulu, ukubonakaliswa komphezulu wesinyithi kubushushu begumbi kuyanda ngokunyuka kobushushu kunye neqondo lokuxinana. Nje ukuba umphezulu wesinyithi wonakele, ukubonakaliswa kwesinyithi kusondele kwi-1. Kwisike se-laser yesinyithi, kufuneka amandla aphezulu aphakathi, kwaye kuphela iilaser ze-CO2 ezinamandla aphezulu ezinale meko.
1. Ukusikwa kwezinto zentsimbi nge-laser
1.1 Ukusikwa kwe-laser okuqhubekayo kwe-CO2 Iiparamitha eziphambili zenkqubo yokusikwa kwe-laser okuqhubekayo kwe-CO2 ziquka amandla e-laser, uhlobo kunye noxinzelelo lwegesi encedisayo, isantya sokusika, indawo yokugxila, ubunzulu be-focal kunye nokuphakama kwe-nozzle.
(1) Amandla eLaser Amandla eLaser anempembelelo enkulu kubukhulu bokusika, isantya sokusika kunye nobubanzi bokusika. Xa ezinye iiparameter zingaguquki, isantya sokusika siyancipha ngokunyuka kobukhulu bepleyiti yokusika kwaye siyanda ngokunyuka kwamandla elaser. Ngamanye amazwi, okukhona amandla elaser emakhulu, kokukhona ipleyiti enokusika ityebile, kokukhona isantya sokusika sikhawuleza, kwaye kokukhona ububanzi bokusika bukhula kancinci.
(2) Uhlobo kunye noxinzelelo lwegesi encedisayo Xa kusikwa intsimbi ekhabhoni ephantsi, i-CO2 isetyenziswa njengegesi encedisayo ukusebenzisa ubushushu bokusabela kokutsha kwe-iron-oxygen ukukhuthaza inkqubo yokusika. Isantya sokusika siphezulu kwaye umgangatho wokusika ulungile, ingakumbi ukusikwa ngaphandle kwe-slag enamathelayo kunokufumaneka. Xa kusikwa intsimbi engatyiwayo, kusetyenziswa i-CO2. I-Slag kulula ukunamathela kwinxalenye esezantsi yesiko. I-CO2 + N2 igesi exutyiweyo okanye ukuhamba kwegesi okuneeleya ezimbini kusetyenziswa rhoqo. Uxinzelelo lwegesi encedisayo lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwisiphumo sokusika. Ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo uxinzelelo lwegesi kunokunyusa isantya sokusika ngaphandle kwe-slag enamathelayo ngenxa yokwanda komfutho wokuhamba kwegesi kunye nokuphuculwa kwamandla okususa i-slag. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu, umphezulu osikiweyo uba rhabaxa. Isiphumo soxinzelelo lwe-oksijini kuburhabaxa obuqhelekileyo bomphezulu wesiko siboniswe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.
Uxinzelelo lomzimba luxhomekeke nakubukhulu bepleyiti. Xa usika intsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi nge-laser ye-CO2 ye-1kW, ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo lweoksijini kunye nobukhulu bepleyiti buboniswe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.
(3) Isantya sokusika Isantya sokusika sinempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho wokusika. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile zamandla e-laser, kukho amaxabiso abalulekileyo aphezulu naphantsi ahambelanayo kwisantya esihle sokusika xa kunqunyulwa intsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi. Ukuba isantya sokusika siphezulu okanye siphantsi kunexabiso elibalulekileyo, kuya kubakho ukunamathela kwe-slag. Xa isantya sokusika sicotha, ixesha lokusebenza kobushushu be-oxidation reaction kumphetho wokusika liyandiswa, ububanzi bokusika buyandiswa, kwaye umphezulu wokusika uba rhabaxa. Njengoko isantya sokusika sisanda, ukunqunyulwa kuya kuba mncinci kancinci de ububanzi bokunqunyulwa okuphezulu bulingane nobubanzi bendawo. Ngeli xesha, ukunqunyulwa kumile okwe-wedge kancinci, kubanzi phezulu kwaye kunciphe ezantsi. Njengoko isantya sokusika siqhubeka sisanda, ububanzi bokunqunyulwa okuphezulu buyaqhubeka buncipha, kodwa inxalenye esezantsi yokunqunyulwa iba banzi kwaye ibe yimo ye-wedge eguqulweyo.
(5) Ubunzulu bokugxila
Ubunzulu bokugxila bunempembelelo ethile kumgangatho womphezulu wokusika kunye nesantya sokusika. Xa kusikwa iipleyiti zentsimbi ezinkulu, kufuneka kusetyenziswe umqadi onobunzulu obukhulu bokugxila; xa kusikwa iipleyiti ezincinci, kufuneka kusetyenziswe umqadi onobunzulu obuncinci bokugxila.
(6)Ukuphakama kwempumlo
Ukuphakama kwe-nozzle kubhekisa kumgama ukusuka kumphezulu wokugqibela we-nozzle yegesi encedisayo ukuya kumphezulu ophezulu wesixhobo somsebenzi. Ukuphakama kwe-nozzle mkhulu, kwaye umfutho womoya oncedisayo ophumayo kulula ukuwutshintshatshintsha, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho wokusika kunye nesantya. Ke ngoko, xa kusikwa nge-laser, ukuphakama kwe-nozzle ngokubanzi kuncitshiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo yi-0.5 ~ 2.0mm.
① Izinto zeLaser
a. Yandisa amandla elaser. Ukuphuhlisa iilaser ezinamandla ngakumbi yindlela ethe ngqo nesebenzayo yokwandisa ubukhulu bokusika.
b. Ukucubungula iipulse. Iilaser ezityhalwayo zinamandla aphezulu kakhulu kwaye zinokungena kwiipleyiti zentsimbi ezityebileyo. Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yokusika ipulse yelaser erhabaxa kakhulu, enobubanzi obumxinwa, kunokusika iipleyiti zentsimbi ezityebileyo ngaphandle kokwandisa amandla elaser, kwaye ubungakanani bokusika buncinci kunobo bokusika ilaser okuqhubekayo.
c. Sebenzisa ii-laser ezintsha
② Inkqubo yokukhanya
a. Inkqubo ye-optical eguquguqukayo. Umahluko ukusuka ekusikeni kwe-laser yendabuko kukuba akufuneki ubeke ugxininiso ngaphantsi komphezulu wokusika. Xa indawo yokugxila itshintshatshintsha phezulu nasezantsi ngeemilimitha ezimbalwa kwicala lobukhulu bepleyiti yentsimbi, ubude be-focal kwinkqubo ye-optical eguquguqukayo buya kutshintsha ngokutshintsha kwendawo yokugxila. Utshintsho lokunyuka nokuhla kubude be-focal luhambelana nentshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi kwe-laser kunye ne-workpiece, nto leyo ebangela ukuba indawo yokugxila itshintshe phezulu nasezantsi kubunzulu be-workpiece. Le nkqubo yokusika apho indawo yokugxila itshintsha khona kwiimeko zangaphandle inokuvelisa ukusika okusemgangathweni ophezulu. Ingxaki yale ndlela kukuba ubunzulu bokusika bulinganiselwe, ngokubanzi bungadluli kwi-30mm.
b. Itekhnoloji yokusika iBifocal. Ilensi ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukugxila umqadi kabini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 4.58, u-D bububanzi benxalenye ephakathi yelensi kwaye bububanzi benxalenye yomphetho welensi. Irediyasi yokugoba embindini welensi inkulu kunendawo ejikelezileyo, yenza ingqwalasela ephindwe kabini. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusika, ingqwalasela ephezulu ikwindawo ephezulu yento yokusebenza, kwaye ingqwalasela esezantsi ikwindawo esezantsi yento yokusebenza. Le teknoloji ikhethekileyo yokusika i-laser egxile kabini ineengenelo ezininzi. Ekusikeni intsimbi ethambileyo, ayinakugcina kuphela umqadi we-laser oqinileyo kumphezulu ophezulu wesinyithi ukuze ihlangabezane neemeko ezifunekayo ukuze izinto zivuthe, kodwa ikwagcina umqadi we-laser oqinileyo kufutshane nomphezulu osezantsi wesinyithi ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuvuthela. Imfuneko yokuvelisa ukusikwa okucocekileyo kulo lonke uluhlu lobukhulu bezinto. Le teknoloji yandisa uluhlu lweeparameter zokufumana ukusikwa okusemgangathweni ophezulu. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa i-3kW CO2. I-laser, ubukhulu bokusika obuqhelekileyo bunokufikelela kwi-15 ~ 20mm kuphela, ngelixa ubukhulu bokusika obusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokusika obunemiba emibini bunokufikelela kwi-30 ~ 40mm.
③Impumlo kunye nokuhamba komoya okuncediswayo
Yila i-nozzle ngokufanelekileyo ukuphucula iimpawu zentsimi yokuhamba komoya. Ububanzi bodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-nozzle ye-supersonic kuqala buyancipha buze bukhule, nto leyo enokuvelisa ukuhamba komoya kwe-supersonic kwindawo yokuphuma. Uxinzelelo lomoya lunokuba phezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokuvelisa amaza okutsha. Xa usebenzisa i-nozzle ye-supersonic yokusika nge-laser, umgangatho wokusika nawo ufanelekile. Ekubeni uxinzelelo lokusika lwe-nozzle ye-supersonic kumphezulu we-workpiece luzinzile, lufanelekile ngakumbi ekusikweni kwe-laser kweepleyiti zentsimbi ezityebileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-18-2024
