IiTekhnoloji Ezintlanu Eziphambili Zokuwelda NgeLaser Kwimveliso Yeemoto
Itekhnoloji yokuwelda nge-laser ibonakalisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo. Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweemoto, iyasebenza ekuwelding kwemizimba yeemoto kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zeemoto. Inciphisa ubunzima bemizimba yeemoto, iphucula ukuchaneka kokuhlanganiswa kwemizimba, kwaye ihlangabezana neemfuno zoshishino lweemoto zoyilo olukhaphukhaphu kunye nokusebenza okukhuselekileyo okuphuculweyo. Okwangoku, inciphisa iindleko zokudibanisa kunye nokunciphisa imveliso yeemoto kwaye inyusa inqanaba lokudibanisa imizimba yeemoto.
1. Ukuwelda kweLaser Autogenous
Kwiteknoloji yokuwelda nge-laser, ukuwelda nge-laser autogenous kubhekisa kwinkqubo apho izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zidityaniswa zibe yinto enye eqinileyo ngokunyibilika kunye nokuqina okulandelayo, oku kufezekisa ukuwelda okusebenzayo. Le ndlela yokuwelda ayifuni ukujija ukujija, ngaloo ndlela igcina iindleko zokuwelda. Xa isebenza ngokwenene, umqadi we-laser unyusa ngokukhawuleza ubushushu bomphezulu wendawo yokuwelda ukuya kwinqanaba lokubila; ukufuma kwesinyithi emva koko kwenza umngxuma wesitshixo. Umngxuma wesitshixo uyeka ubunzulu xa uxinzelelo lokubuya komphunga wesinyithi lulinganisela uxinzelelo lomphezulu kunye nobunzima besinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Ukuwelda kwe-laser deep penetration kugqityiwe njengoko umngxuma wesitshixo ozinzileyo uqina kwaye uvaleka. Okwangoku, ukuwelda nge-laser autogenous kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeemoto, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-tailor welding, i-assembly welding ye-auto bodies kunye nokuwelda kweendawo ezahlukeneyo.
2. Ukuwelda Okuzaliswe Ngocingo Lwelaser
Umgaqo wokuwelda ozaliswe ngocingo lwelaser kwitekhnoloji yokuwelda ngelaser kukongeza isinyithi esithile sokuzalisa i-welding kwi-weld joint, enyibilikiswa yi-laser beam ukuze yenze i-weld joint. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zendabuko zokuwelda ezingagcwaliswanga ngocingo, i-welding ezaliswe ngocingo lwelaser ineengenelo ezahlukeneyo: yandisa umda wokusetyenziswa kwe-welding ngelaser, ivumela ukuwelda kweepleyiti ezityebileyo ngamandla aphantsi, kwaye inika iziphumo zokuwelda eziphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ekusetyenzisweni kwe-welding ezaliswe ngocingo lwelaser, zombini i-filler wire kunye ne-base metal kufuneka zinyibilikiswe. Oku kudala umngxuma wesitshixo kwi-base metal, okuvumela i-filler wire kunye ne-base metal ukuba zixubane ngokupheleleyo kwaye zenze i-composite melted pool entsha. I-composite melted pool yahlukile kakhulu kwi-filler wire yokuqala kunye ne-base metal, enokulungisa iziphene ezithile zokusebenza kwe-base metal ngokwayo. Ukusebenzisa i-filler wire enomxube oqikelelweyo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-weld joint inokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye nokubola.
3. Ukuwelda kweLaser-Arc Hybrid
Ukuwelda kwe-laser-arc hybrid kwitekhnoloji yokuwelda ye-laser kudibanisa umthombo wobushushu be-laser kunye ne-arc yombane, esebenza kunye echibini elinye elinyibilikisiweyo ukuze kufezekiswe ukuwelda. Kwimveliso yothotho lweemoto ze-Audi eJamani, inkqubo yokuwelda ye-laser-arc hybrid isetyenziswa ekuwelda komzimba we-all-aluminium—enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Umzimba we-all-aluminium ngowesizukulwana sesibini se-Audi A8 series, eyilelwe ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwempembelelo kunye nokuchasana nokuguquguquka kwe-torsional. Amalungu okuwelda enziwe yi-laser-arc hybrid welding ahlangabezana nazo zonke ezi mfuno zoyilo, ebonisa ukuqina okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu kunye nokungena okunzulu. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nolindelo oluphezulu lwabathengi kule modeli, yonke inkcukacha yokwenziwa iyacocwa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu wokwakha wesithuthi. Amalungu okuwelda amancinci okuwelda kwe-laser hybrid welding afanelekile kwizinto zokusebenza ezineemfuno ezingqongqo zobuhle, kususa isidingo sokuzalisa amalunga ekona phezulu kwisakhelo somzimba ngeeplastiki. Kwintsimi yokwenziwa kwezithuthi ezikhanyayo, zonke iimfuno ezikhankanyiweyo kunye neemeko ezikhethekileyo kufuneka zaneliswe, kwaye ukuveliswa kwemizimba ye-all-aluminium kubeka imigangatho engqongqo nangakumbi kwezi mfuno.
4. Ukuwelda okukude ngeLaser
Incediswa yintloko ye-galvanometer yokuskena ngesantya esiphezulu, i-laser remote welding kwitekhnoloji ye-laser welding ivumela ukucutshungulwa nokufakelwa kweendawo ezikude ngemitha ye-laser enamandla ahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo zobugcisa ezikhethekileyo, ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu ekufakweni kwe-panoramic sunroofs kwiMercedes-Benz nakwiiphaneli ezisecaleni zeVolkswagen kunye ne-Audi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser remote welding kwimveliso yeemoto okwangoku kunika ezi zibonelelo zilandelayo:
(1) Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nesantya sokuwelda esikhawulezayo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso zamashishini eemoto.
(2) Ukuwelda okulungisekayo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zamandla olwakhiwo kunye neemilo zamalungu okuwelda ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuwelda okukude nge-laser kuneemfuno eziphezulu zezinto kunye nezixhobo. Akunakunciphisa ukungena kwe-weld xa kudityaniswa izinto ezixineneyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amandla okucheba aphantsi kwindawo yokuwelda.
5. Ukugquma ngeLaser
Itekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser kwitekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser ineengenelo zokugqiba ngobuhle, ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye namandla aphezulu okudibana kwe-weld. Izixhobo zokugquma nge-laser zihlala zidibanisa intloko yokucubungula i-brazing kwingalo yerobhothi. Umqadi we-laser ugxile kwi-joint ye-sheet metal, unyibilikisa i-brazing wire (umz., i-copper-silicon brazing wire) ukuze zidibanise izinto kunye. Impumelelo yale ndlela yokucubungula ikwi-joint strength yayo esondeleyo kwe-weld joints, kunye nembonakalo yobuhle be-welds zayo. Ii-weld joints ezenziwe yi-laser brazing zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokugqitywa okugudileyo nokucocekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba iimveliso ze-brazing azifuni kuphinda zilungiswe. Umzekelo, imizimba yemoto ingapeyintwa ngokuthe ngqo emva kokucoca.
Kwishishini lokuvelisa iimoto, nganye kweziubuchwepheshe bokuwelda nge-laserinexabiso layo elikhethekileyo lokusebenza. Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuwelda kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemoto kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wokwenziwa kwayo, ngelixa kukwahlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini eemoto zeendleko zokuwelda kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-26-2026
