Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukucocwa kwe-laser kuye kwaba yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zophando kwicandelo lokwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso, uphando lubandakanya inkqubo, ithiyori, izixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kwizicelo zoshishino, iteknoloji yokucoca i-laser iye yakwazi ukucoca ngokuthembekileyo inani elikhulu leendawo ezahlukeneyo ze-substrate, ukucoca izinto ezibandakanya intsimbi, i-aluminium, i-titanium, iglasi kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo, njl. kaloliwe, iimoto, ukungunda, amandla enyukliya kunye nolwandle kunye namanye amabala.
I-teknoloji yokucoca i-Laser, eqala kwiminyaka yee-1960, ineenzuzo zempembelelo yokucoca kakuhle, uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukungabikho koqhagamshelwano kunye nokufikeleleka. Kwimizi-mveliso yokuvelisa, imveliso kunye nokugcinwa kunye neminye imimandla inoluhlu olubanzi lwamathemba esicelo, kulindeleke ukuba ithathe indawo okanye ithathele indawo ngokupheleleyo iindlela zokucoca eziqhelekileyo, kwaye ibe yeyona ndlela ithembisayo yokucoca iteknoloji kwi-21st inkulungwane.
Indlela yokucoca iLaser
Inkqubo yokucoca i-Laser inzima kakhulu, ibandakanya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokususa izinto, kwindlela yokucoca i-laser, inkqubo yokucoca inokubakho ngexesha elifanayo iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezibangelwa ikakhulu ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwe-laser kunye nezinto eziphathekayo, kubandakanywa. Ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukubola, i-ionization, ukuthotywa, ukunyibilika, ukuvutha, ukuphunga, ukungcangcazela, ukutshiza, ukwanda, ukushwabana, ukuqhuma, ukuxobula, ukuchithwa kunye nolunye utshintsho lomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. inkqubo.
Okwangoku, iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokucoca i-laser zintathu ubukhulu becala: ukucocwa kwelaser ablation, ukucocwa kwe-laser encediswa yifilim engamanzi kunye neendlela zokucoca i-laser shock wave.
Indlela yokucoca ngeLaser ablation
Iindlela eziphambili zemethodological kukwandiswa kwe-thermal, i-vaporization, i-ablation kunye nokuqhuma kwesigaba. I-laser isebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwizinto eziza kususwa kumphezulu we-substrate kunye neemeko ze-ambient zinokuba ngumoya, i-rarefied gas okanye i-vacuum. Iimeko zokusebenza zilula kwaye zisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukususa iintlobo zeengubo, iipende, iinqununu okanye ukungcola. Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa umzobo wenkqubo yendlela yokucoca i-laser ablation.
Xa i-laser irradiation ebusweni bezinto eziphathekayo, i-substrate kunye nezinto zokucoca ziyinto yokuqala yokwandiswa kwe-thermal. Ngokunyuka kwexesha lokusebenzisana kwe-laser kunye nezinto zokucoca, ukuba ubushushu buphantsi kunomda we-cavitation wezinto zokucoca, izinto zokucoca kuphela inkqubo yokutshintsha ngokomzimba, umahluko phakathi kwezinto zokucoca kunye ne-substrate yokwandisa i-thermal coefficient ikhokelela kuxinzelelo kwi-interface. , i-buckling material yokucoca, ukukrazula ukusuka kumphezulu we-substrate, i-crack, i-mechanical fracture, i-vibration crushing, njl.
Ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphezulu kunomgangatho wokushisa kwe-gasification yezinto zokucoca, kuya kuba neemeko ezimbini: 1) i-ablation threshold yezinto zokucoca ingaphantsi kwe-substrate; 2) i-ablation threshold yezinto zokucoca zikhulu kune-substrate.
Ezi meko zimbini zezinto zokucoca ziyanyibilika, i-cavitation kunye ne-ablation kunye nolunye utshintsho lwe-physicochemical, indlela yokucoca inzima ngakumbi, ngaphezu kwemiphumo ye-thermal, kodwa ingabandakanya izinto zokucoca kunye ne-substrates phakathi kwe-molecular bond breakage, izinto zokucoca ukubola okanye ukuchithwa, isigaba. ukuqhuma, izinto zokucoca i-gasification ionization ngokukhawuleza, ukuveliswa kweplasma.
(1)Ifilimu yolwelo incedise ukucocwa kwelaser
Indlela yokwenza ikakhulu inefilim ebilayo ebilayo kunye nokungcangcazela, njl. njl. ezinye kunzima kakhulu ukususa into yokucoca.
Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi, ifilimu ye-liquid (amanzi, i-ethanol okanye enye i-liquids) ihlanganiswe ngaphambili kwindawo yokucoca, kwaye emva koko isebenzise i-laser ukuyikhupha. Ifilimu ye-Liquid ithatha amandla e-laser okubangelwa ukuqhuma okunamandla kweendaba zolwelo, ukuqhuma kwamanzi abilayo ukunyakaza kwesantya esiphezulu, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwizinto zokucoca umphezulu, amandla aphezulu okuqhuma okwexeshana anele ukususa ukungcola komhlaba ukufezekisa iinjongo zokucoca.
Indlela yokucoca i-laser yokucoca ifilimu ye-liquid ineziphene ezimbini.
Inkqubo enzima kwaye kunzima ukuyilawula inkqubo.
Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwefilimu ye-liquid, i-chemical composition of the substrate surface emva kokucoca kulula ukuyitshintsha kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha.
(1)Laser shock wave uhlobo lokucoca indlela yokucoca
Indlela yenkqubo kunye nomatshini yahluke kakhulu kwezi zimbini zokuqala, i-mechanical eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukukhupha amandla amaza othusayo, izinto zokucoca ikakhulu ngamasuntswana, ubukhulu becala ukususwa kwamasuntswana (sub-micron okanye nanoscale). Iimfuno zenkqubo zingqongqo kakhulu, zombini ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukwazi ukwenza i-ionize emoyeni, kodwa nokugcina umgama ofanelekileyo phakathi kwelaser kunye ne-substrate ukuqinisekisa ukuba isenzo kumasuntswana amandla empembelelo sikhulu ngokwaneleyo.
I-Laser shock wave yokucoca inkqubo ye-schematic diagram iboniswe ngezantsi, i-laser ihambelane nesalathiso sokudubula komphezulu we-substrate, kwaye i-substrate ayidibanisi. Hambisa i-workpiece okanye intloko ye-laser ukulungelelanisa ugxininiso lwe-laser kwisuntswana elikufutshane nemveliso ye-laser, indawo ekugxilwe kuyo ye-ionization yomoya iya kwenzeka, ibangele amaza othusayo, amaza othusayo ukuya ekwandeni okukhawulezayo kokwandiswa kwe-spherical, kwaye kwandiswe kuqhagamshelwano. ngamasuntswana. Xa umzuzu wecandelo eliguquguqukayo le-wave shock wave kwi-particle inkulu kunomzuzu wecandelo le-longitudinal kunye ne-particle adhesion force, i-particle iya kususwa ngokuqengqeleka.
Itekhnoloji yokucoca iLaser
I-Laser yokucoca indlela yokucoca isekelwe ikakhulu kumphezulu wento emva kokufunxwa kwamandla e-laser, okanye i-vaporization kunye ne-volatilization, okanye ukwanda kwangoko kwe-thermal ukoyisa i-adsorption yamasuntswana phezu komhlaba, ukuze into evela kumphezulu, kwaye emva koko iphumelele injongo yokucoca.
Ishwankathelwa ngokufanelekileyo njenge: 1. ukubola komphunga we-laser, 2. ukuhluthwa kwe-laser, 3. ukwandiswa kwe-thermal yamasuntswana okungcola, 4. ukungcangcazela komphezulu we-substrate kunye ne-particle vibration imiba emine
Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yokucoca yendabuko, iteknoloji yokucoca i-laser inezi mpawu zilandelayo.
1. Kukucoceka "komileyo", akukho sisombululo sokucoca okanye ezinye izisombululo zeekhemikhali, kwaye ukucoceka kuphezulu kakhulu kunenkqubo yokucoca imichiza.
2. Umda wokususwa kokungcola kunye noluhlu lwe-substrate olusebenzayo lubanzi kakhulu, kwaye
3. Ngokulawulwa kweeparamitha zenkqubo ye-laser, ayikwazi ukulimaza ubuso be-substrate ngesiseko sokususwa okusebenzayo kwezinto ezingcolileyo, ngumphezulu njengento entsha.
4. Ukucocwa kweLaser kunokusebenza ngokulula ngokuzenzekelayo.
5. Izixhobo ze-laser decontamination zingasetyenziselwa ixesha elide, iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi.
6. I-teknoloji yokucoca i-Laser yile: eluhlaza: inkqubo yokucoca, ukuphelisa inkunkuma ngumgubo oqinileyo, ubungakanani obuncinci, kulula ukuyigcina, ngokusisiseko ayiyi kungcolisa indalo.
Ngeminyaka yoo-1980, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini le-semiconductor kumphezulu we-silicon wafer mask ungcoliseko amasuntswana etekhnoloji yokucoca beka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu, eyona ngongoma iphambili kukukoyisa ukungcoliseka kwamasuntswana amancinci kunye ne-substrate phakathi kwe-adsorption force enkulu. , ukucocwa kweekhemikhali zendabuko, ukucocwa komatshini, iindlela zokucoca i-ultrasonic azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno, kwaye ukucocwa kwe-laser kunokusombulula iingxaki ezinjalo zokungcola, uphando oluhambelanayo kunye nezicelo ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngowe-1987, ukubonakala kokuqala kwesicelo se-patent ekucoceni kwe-laser. Kwiminyaka ye-1990, i-Zapka isebenzise ngempumelelo iteknoloji yokucoca i-laser kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-semiconductor ukususa i-micro-particles ebusweni bemaski, ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser kwintsimi yoshishino. Ngo-1995, abaphandi basebenzisa i-2 kW TEA-CO2 laser ukuphumeza ngempumelelo ukucocwa kwe-aircraft fuselage ukususwa kwepeyinti.
Emva kokungena kwinkulungwane yama-21, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-laser ye-ultra-short pulse lasers, uphando lwasekhaya kunye nolwangaphandle kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokucoca i-laser yanda ngokuthe ngcembe, igxininisa kumphezulu wezinto zentsimbi, izicelo eziqhelekileyo zangaphandle kukususwa kwepeyinti ye-fuselage, ukungunda. Ukususwa kwe-surface degreasing, ukususwa kwe-injini yangaphakathi kwekhabhoni kunye nokucocwa komphezulu wamalungu phambi kwe-welding. I-US Edison Welding Institute laser yokucoca i-warplane ye-FG16, xa amandla e-laser ye-1 kW, umthamo wokucoca we-2.36 cm3 ngomzuzu.
Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kokususwa kwepeyinti yelaser kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo eziphambili ikwayindawo eshushu kakhulu. I-US Navy HG53, i-HG56 i-helicopter propeller blades kunye nomsila osicaba wejethi yokulwa ye-F16 kunye neminye imiphezulu edibeneyo iye yaphunyezwa izicelo zokususa ipeyinti ye-laser, ngelixa izinto ezidibeneyo zaseChina kwizicelo zeenqwelomoya emva kwexesha, ngoko uphando olunjalo lukwindawo engenanto.
Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokucoca i-laser kwi-CFRP ehlanganisiweyo yonyango lomphezulu we-joint phambi kokuncamathelisa ukuphucula amandla edibeneyo ikwayenye yojoliso lophando lwangoku. qhelanisa inkampani ye-laser kumgca wemveliso yemoto ye-Audi TT ukubonelela ngezixhobo zokucoca i-fiber laser ukucoca umphezulu we-aluminium lightweight alloy door frame oxide film. IRolls G Royce yase-UK yasebenzisa ukucoca ngelaser ukucoca ifilimu eneoxide kumphezulu wezixhobo ze-injini ye-titanium.
I-teknoloji yokucoca i-Laser iye yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, nokuba ngaba iiparamitha zenkqubo yokucoca i-laser kunye neendlela zokucoca, uphando lwezinto zokucoca okanye ukusetyenziswa kophando kuye kwaqhubela phambili. Itekhnoloji yokucoca iLaser emva kophando oluninzi lwethiyori, ugxininiso lophando lwayo luhlala luthambekele ekusetyenzisweni kophando, nasekusetyenzisweni kweziphumo ezithembisayo. Kwixesha elizayo, iteknoloji yokucoca i-laser ekukhuselweni kwezinto zenkcubeko kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa iya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye imarike yayo ibanzi kakhulu. Ngophuhliso lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokucoca i-laser kwishishini kuya kuba yinyani, kwaye ububanzi bokusetyenziswa buba lukhulu ngakumbi.
Inkampani yeMaven laser automation igxile kushishino lwelaser iminyaka eli-14, sisebenza ngokumakishwa kwelaser, sinomatshini wokucoca wekhabhathi yelaser, umatshini wokucoca welaser wetrolley case, ubhaka wokucoca umatshini welaser kunye nezinto ezintathu kumatshini omnye wokucoca ngelaser, ukongeza, sikwanazo. umatshini we-laser welding, umatshini wokusika we-laser kunye nomatshini wokumakisha we-laser, ukuba unomdla kumatshini wethu, unokusilandela kwaye uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2022
