1. Isishwankathelo soshishino lweLaser
(1) Intshayelelo yeLaser
I-Laser (Ukwandiswa koKhanya ngokuPhumeza okuVunyiweyo kweRadiation, efinyeziweyo njenge-LASER) yi-collimated, monochromatic, coherent, i-direction beam yokukhanya eveliswa kukukhuliswa kwemitha yokukhanya kwi-frequency emxinwa nge-excited feedback resonance kunye ne-radiation.
Itekhnoloji yeLaser yaqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, kwaye ngenxa yokwahluke ngokupheleleyo kukukhanya okuqhelekileyo, i-laser yakhawuleza yasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwaye yaba nefuthe elikhulu kuphuhliso kunye nenguqu yesayensi, itekhnoloji, uqoqosho kunye noluntu.
Ukuzalwa kwe-laser kuye kwatshintsha kakhulu ubuso be-optical yakudala, yandisa i-classical optical physics kuqeqesho olutsha lwe-high-tech oluquka i-classical optics kunye ne-photonics yanamhlanje, yenza igalelo elingenakuphinda lithathelwe indawo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwabantu kunye noluntu. Uphando lwefiziksi yeLaser lube negalelo ekuchumeni kwamasebe amabini amakhulu e-photonic physics yale mihla: amandla efotonics kunye neefotonics zolwazi. Ibandakanya i-nonlinear optics, i-quantum optics, i-quantum computing, i-laser sensing kunye nonxibelelwano, i-laser plasma physics, i-laser chemistry, i-laser biology, iyeza le-laser, i-ultra-precise laser spectroscopy kunye ne-metrology, i-laser atomic physics kuquka ukupholisa kwe-laser kunye nophando lomcimbi we-Bose-Einstein. , imathiriyeli esebenzayo yelaser, ukwenziwa kwelaser, ukwenziwa kwetshiphu yelaser micro-optoelectronic, ushicilelo lwelaser 3D kunye nezifundo ezingaphezu kwama-20 zemida yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe. ISebe leNzululwazi yeLaser nobuChwepheshe (DSL) limiselwe kwezi ndawo zilandelayo.
Kumashishini okuvelisa i-laser, ihlabathi lingene kwixesha "lokuvelisa ukukhanya", ngokweenkcukacha-manani zoshishino lwelaser lwamazwe ngamazwe, i-50% ye-GDP yonyaka yase-United States1 inxulumene nokwandiswa kwemarike ngokukhawuleza kwezicelo ze-laser eziphezulu. Amazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo, amelwe yi-United States, iJamani kunye ne-Japan, agqibe ngokusisiseko ukutshintshwa kweenkqubo zemveli kunye nokulungiswa kwelaser kumashishini amakhulu okuvelisa afana neenqwelo-moya kunye nokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya. I-Laser kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso ibonise amandla amakhulu exabiso eliphantsi, elikumgangatho ophezulu, elisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nezicelo ezikhethekileyo zokuvelisa ezingenakufezekiswa ngokuvelisa okuqhelekileyo, kwaye ibe ngumqhubi obalulekileyo wokhuphiswano kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha phakathi kwamazwe amashishini amakhulu ehlabathi. Amazwe abuxhasa ngenkuthalo itekhnoloji yelaser njengenye yezona teknoloji zibalulekileyo ziphambili kwaye aphuhlise izicwangciso zelizwe zophuhliso lwelaser.
(2)ILaserUmthombo Principle
I-laser sisixhobo esisebenzisa i-radiation evuyayo ukuvelisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okanye okungabonakaliyo, kunye nesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kunye nemiqobo ephezulu yobugcisa. Inkqubo yamehlo iqulunqwe ikakhulu ngumthombo wempompo (umthombo wovuselelo), ukufumana indawo ephakathi (into esebenzayo) kunye ne-resonant cavity kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhanya. Ukufumana i-medium ngumthombo wokuvelisa i-photon, kwaye ngokufunxa amandla aveliswa ngumthombo wempompo, inzuzo ephakathi igxuma ukusuka kumhlaba womhlaba ukuya kwimeko evuyayo. Ekubeni imeko evuyayo ingazinzile, ngeli xesha, i-medium medium iya kukhulula amandla ukuze ibuyele kwisimo esizinzileyo somhlaba. Kule nkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamandla, i-medium gain ivelisa iiphotons, kwaye ezi photons zinezinga eliphezulu lokuhambelana kwamandla, ubude be-wavelength kunye necala, zihlala zibonakaliswa kwi-optical resonant cavity, intshukumo ehambelanayo, ukwenzela ukuba ikhulise ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni. dubula i-laser ngokusebenzisa isibonisi ukwenza umqadi welaser. Njengesiseko senkqubo ye-optical yesixhobo se-terminal, ukusebenza kwe-laser kuhlala kumisela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye namandla ombane ophumayo wesixhobo se-laser, yeyona nto iphambili yesixhobo se-laser terminal.
Umthombo wempompo (umthombo we-excitation) unikezela ukuvuselela amandla kwindawo yokuzuza. Indawo yokuzuza iyavuya ukuvelisa iifotoni ukuvelisa kunye nokukhulisa i-laser. I-cavity ye-resonant yindawo apho iimpawu ze-photon (i-frequency, isigaba kunye nesalathiso sokusebenza) zilawulwa ukuze zifumane umthombo wokukhanya ophumayo ophezulu ngokulawula i-photon oscillations kwi-cavity. Umthombo wempompo (umthombo we-excitation) ubonelela ngokuvuselela amandla kwindawo yokuzuza. Indawo yokuzuza iyavuya ukuvelisa iifotoni ukuvelisa kunye nokukhulisa i-laser. I-cavity ye-resonant yindawo apho iimpawu ze-photon (i-frequency, isigaba kunye nesalathiso sokusebenza) zihlengahlengiswa ukuze zifumane umthombo wokukhanya ophumayo ophezulu ngokulawula i-photon oscillations kwi-cavity.
(3)Ukuhlelwa koMthombo weLaser
Umthombo weLaser ungahlelwa ngokwendlela yokufumana okuphakathi, ubude bendawo, imo yokusebenza, kunye nemo yokumpompa, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
① Ukuhlelwa ngokwenzuzo ephakathi
Ngokwemithombo eyahlukeneyo yemithombo yeendaba, iilaser zinokwahlulwa zibe yimeko eqinileyo (kubandakanya okuqinileyo, isemiconductor, ifayibha, ihybrid), iilaser zolwelo, iilaser zegesi, njl.
| ILaserUmthomboUhlobo | Fumana iMedia | Iimpawu eziphambili |
| Umthombo weLaser State oLuqilima | Izinto eziqinileyo, iiSemiconductors, iiFayibha Optics, iHybrid | Uzinzo oluhle, amandla aphezulu, iindleko zokugcina eziphantsi, ezifanelekileyo kumashishini |
| Umthombo weLaser engamanzi | Ulwelo lwekhemikhali | Uluhlu olukhethwayo lwe-wavelength, kodwa ubukhulu obukhulu kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulondolozwa |
| Umthombo weLaser yegesi | Iigesi | Umthombo wokukhanya we-laser okumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa ubungakanani obukhulu kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulondolozwa |
| Umthombo weLaser ye-Electron yasimahla | Umqa we-electron kwindawo ethile yamagnetic | Amandla aphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu we-laser ophumayo unokufumaneka, kodwa iteknoloji yokuvelisa kunye neendleko zemveliso ziphezulu kakhulu |
Ngenxa yokuzinza okulungileyo, amandla aphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokugcinwa, ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser-state lasers kuthatha inzuzo epheleleyo.
Phakathi kwe-laser ye-solid-state, ii-lases ze-semiconductor zinezibonelelo zokusebenza okuphezulu, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubomi obude, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, njl. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zinokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo njengomthombo wokukhanya ongundoqo kunye nenkxaso yokulungiswa kwe-laser, unyango, unxibelelwano, ukuva, ukubonisa, ukubeka iliso kunye nokukhusela izicelo, kwaye ziye zaba sisiseko esibalulekileyo sophuhliso lobuchwepheshe belaser bale mihla ngokubaluleka kophuhliso lweqhinga.
Kwelinye icala, iisemiconductor lasers zisenokusetyenziswa njengomthombo wokukhanya wokumpompa kwezinye iilaser ezinje ngelaser-state eqinile kunye nefiber lasers, ikhuthaza kakhulu inkqubela yetekhnoloji yentsimi yonke yelaser. Onke amazwe aphambili aphuhlileyo ehlabathini ayibandakanyile kwizicwangciso zawo zophuhliso lwesizwe, enika inkxaso emandla kwaye efumana uphuhliso olukhawulezayo.
② Ngokwendlela yokumpompa
I-Lasers inokwahlulwa ibe yi-laser yokupompa ngombane, i-optically pumped, i-laser ephonlwe ngamachiza, njl njl ngokwendlela yokupompa.
Iilaser ezimpontshwa ngombane zibhekisa kwiilaser ezichulumancisayo ngokwangoku, iilaser zerhasi zivuyiswa kakhulu kukuphuma kwerhasi, ngelixa iisemiconductor lasers zivuyiswa kakhulu sisitofu sangoku.
Phantse zonke iilaser zombuso oqinileyo kunye neelaser zolwelo ziilaser zempompo zamehlo, kwaye iilaser zesemiconductor zisetyenziswa njengomthombo ongundoqo wokumpompa iilaser zempompo zamehlo.
Iilaser ezimponthwa ngokwekhemikhali zibhekisa kwiilaser ezisebenzisa amandla akhutshiweyo kwiikhemikhali zokusabela ukonwabisa imathiriyeli esebenzayo.
③Ukuhlelwa ngokwendlela yokusebenza
I-Lasers inokwahlulwa ibe yi-laser eqhubekayo kunye ne-pulsed lasers ngokwendlela yazo yokusebenza.
I-laser eqhubekayo inokusabalalisa okuzinzileyo kwenani lamasuntswana kwinqanaba ngalinye lamandla kunye nentsimi ye-radiation kwi-cavity, kwaye umsebenzi wabo ubonakaliswe ngokugqithiswa kwezinto zokusebenza kunye nemveliso ye-laser ehambelanayo ngendlela eqhubekayo kwixesha elide. . Iilaser eziqhubekayo zinokukhupha ukukhanya kwe-laser ngokuqhubekayo ixesha elide, kodwa umphumo we-thermal ubonakala ngakumbi.
I-laser ye-pulsed ibhekisela kwixesha elide apho amandla e-laser egcinwa kwixabiso elithile, kunye nokukhanya kwe-laser okuphumayo ngendlela engapheliyo, kunye neempawu eziphambili zempembelelo encinci ye-thermal kunye nokulawulwa kakuhle.
④ Ukuhlelwa ngokwemveliso yobude bobude
IiLaser zinokuhlelwa ngokobude be-wavelength njengee-lases ze-infrared, iilaser ezibonakalayo, ii-laser ze-ultraviolet, ii-laser ze-ultraviolet ezinzulu, njalo njalo. Uluhlu lwamaza okukhanya olunokuthi lufunwe zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezicwangcisiweyo zahlukile, ngoko ke iilaser zamaza ahlukeneyo afunekayo ukuze kuqhutywe kakuhle izinto ezahlukeneyo okanye kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.Iilaser ze-infrared kunye ne-UV lasers zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu iilaser. I-laser ye-infrared isetyenziswa kakhulu "kwi-thermal processing", apho izinto eziphezu komhlaba zifudumala kwaye zenziwe ngumphunga (i-evaporated) ukususa izinto; kwifilimu ebhityileyo engeyiyo eyentsimbi, ukusika isiqwenga se-semiconductor, ukusika iglasi ephilayo, ukugrumba, ukumakisha kunye namanye amasimi, amandla aphezulu Kwindawo yefilimu ebhityileyo engeyiyo eyentsimbi, ukusika i-semiconductor wafer, ukusika iglasi ephilayo, ukomba, ukumakisha, njl., Amandla aphezulu eefotoni ze-UV zaphula ngokuthe ngqo iibhondi zemolekyuli kumphezulu wezinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi, ukuze iiathomu zikwazi ukwahlulwa kwinto, kwaye le ndlela ayivelisi ukusabela kobushushu obuphezulu, ke ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba "kubanda." processing".
Ngenxa yamandla aphezulu eefotoni ze-UV, kunzima ukuvelisa amandla athile aphezulu aqhubekayo e-UV laser ngomthombo wokuvuselela wangaphandle, ke i-laser ye-UV iveliswa ngokubanzi kukusetyenziswa kwe-crystal imathiriyeli ye-nonlinear yempembelelo yokuguqula indlela yokuguqula, ke ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Intsimi yemizi-mveliso yee-laser ze-UV ubukhulu becala zii-laser ze-UV eziqinileyo.
(4) Ikhonkco loshishino
Umgangatho ophezulu wekhonkco loshishino kukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza ze-semiconductor, izixhobo eziphezulu kunye nezixhobo ezihambelanayo zokuvelisa ukuvelisa i-laser cores kunye nezixhobo ze-optoelectronic, ezisisiseko soshishino lwe-laser kwaye unokufikelela okuphezulu. I-midstream ye-chain chain chain kukusetyenziswa kwee-laser chips kunye nezixhobo ze-optoelectronic, iimodyuli, i-optical components, njl.njl njengemithombo yempompo yokwenziwa nokuthengiswa kwee-lasers ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa i-laser semiconductor ngqo, i-carbon dioxide lasers, i-solid-state lasers, i-fiber lasers, njl.; ishishini elisezantsi kakhulu libhekiselele kwimimandla yesicelo se-laser ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izixhobo zokulungisa i-industrial, i-LIDAR, unxibelelwano lwamehlo, ubuhle bezonyango kunye namanye amashishini osetyenziso.
①Abaxhasi abaphezulu
Izinto eziluhlaza zeemveliso ezinyukayo ezifana ne-semiconductor laser chips, izixhobo kunye neemodyuli zizinto ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo ze-chip, izinto zefiber kunye neengxenye zomatshini, kubandakanywa i-substrates, i-heat sinks, iikhemikhali kunye neesethi zezindlu. Ukusetyenzwa kwetshiphu kufuna umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kwemathiriyeli ekrwada enyukayo, ikakhulu kubathengisi bamanye amazwe, kodwa inqanaba lendawo liyanda ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe lifumana ulawulo oluzimeleyo. Ukusebenza kwezinto eziphambili ezinyukayo zinefuthe elithe ngqo kumgangatho we-laser semiconductor chips, kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-chip, ukuphucula ukusebenza kweemveliso zoshishino zidlala indima efanelekileyo ekukhuthazeni.
②Ikhonkco leshishini eliphakathi
I-semiconductor laser chip ngowona mthombo wokukhanya wempompo weentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeelaser kumbindi wekhonkco loshishino, kwaye idlala indima entle ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lwelaser ephakathi. Kwintsimi ye-lases ephakathi, i-United States, iJamani kunye namanye amashishini aphesheya ayalawula, kodwa emva kophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini lelaser yasekhaya kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imakethi ephakathi yekhonkco leshishini izuze indawo ekhawulezayo yasekhaya.
③Ityathanga loshishino ezantsi komsinga
Ishishini elisezantsi linendima enkulu ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lweshishini, ngoko ke uphuhliso loshishino olusezantsi luya kuchaphazela ngqo indawo yentengiso yeshishini. Ukukhula okuthe gqolo koqoqosho lwaseTshayina kunye nokuvela kwamathuba acwangcisiweyo okuguqula uqoqosho kudale iimeko ezingcono zophuhliso kuphuhliso lweli shishini. I-China isuka kwilizwe lemveliso ukuya kwindawo yokuvelisa amandla, kunye ne-laser esezantsi kunye nezixhobo ze-laser zezinye zezitshixo zokuphucula ishishini lokuvelisa, elibonelela ngemeko efanelekileyo yemfuno yokuphucula ixesha elide lo shishino. Iimfuno zeshishini elisezantsi kwisalathiso sokusebenza kweetshiphusi ze-laser semiconductor kunye nezixhobo zabo ziyanda, kwaye amashishini asekhaya ngokuthe ngcembe angena kwimarike yamandla aphezulu e-laser evela kwimarike yamandla aphantsi we-laser, ngoko ke ishishini kufuneka liqhubele phambili ukwandisa utyalo-mali kwicandelo lophando lwetekhnoloji. kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusungula okuzimeleyo.
2. ubume bophuhliso loshishino lwe-laser semiconductor
I-laser ye-Semiconductor ineyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuguqula amandla phakathi kwazo zonke iintlobo zeelases, kwelinye icala, zinokusetyenziswa njengomthombo wempompo ongundoqo we-fiber optical lasers, ii-laser-state lasers kunye nezinye ii-laser pump optical. Kwelinye icala, ngokuphumelela okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji ye-laser ye-semiconductor malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ukuqaqamba, ubomi, ubude bamaza amaninzi, isantya sokumodareyitha, njl. ukhuselo, njl. NgokweLaser Focus World, iyonke ingeniso yehlabathi yeelases zediode, okt, iisemiconductor lasers kunye nenon-diode lasers, kuqikelelwa ukuba yi-18,480 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2021, kunye ne-semiconductor lasers accounting ye-43% yengeniso iyonke.
Ngokutsho kweLaser Focus World, imakethi yehlabathi jikelele ye-laser semiconductor iya kuba yi-6,724 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2020, inyuke nge-14.20% ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo. Ngophuhliso lobukrelekrele behlabathi, imfuno ekhulayo yelaser kwizixhobo ezihlakaniphile, i-electronics yabathengi, amandla amatsha kunye nezinye iinkalo, kunye nokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwezonyango, izixhobo zobuhle kunye nezinye izicelo ezivelayo, i-semiconductor lasers ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo wempompo. kwi-laser pump optical, kunye nobukhulu bayo beemarike buya kuqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okuzinzileyo. Ngo-2021 ubungakanani bemakethi ye-laser ye-semiconductor yehlabathi ye-7.946 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, izinga lokukhula kwemarike nge-18.18%.
Ngeenzame ezidibeneyo zeengcali zobugcisa kunye namashishini kunye neengcali, ishishini laseTshayina le-laser semiconductor lizuze uphuhliso olungaqhelekanga, ukuze i-China semiconductor laser industry ihlangabezane nenkqubo ukusuka ekuqaleni, kunye nokuqala kweprototype yoshishino lwe-laser semiconductor yaseChina. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-China ikhulise uphuhliso loshishino lwe-laser, kwaye imimandla eyahlukeneyo inikezelwe kuphando lwezenzululwazi, ukuphuculwa kobuchwepheshe, uphuhliso lwemarike kunye nokwakhiwa kweepaki zemizi-mveliso yelaser phantsi kobunkokeli bukarhulumente kunye nentsebenziswano yamashishini e-laser.
3. Indlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo yoshishino lwelaser yaseTshayina
Xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aphuhlileyo eYurophu nase-United States, iteknoloji yelaser yaseChina ayifikanga emva kwexesha, kodwa ekusetyenzisweni kobuchwepheshe belaser kunye neteknoloji engundoqo engundoqo kusekho umsantsa omkhulu, ngakumbi i-laser semiconductor chip kunye namanye amacandelo angundoqo asekho. ixhomekeke kurhwebo olusuka kumazwe angaphandle.
Amazwe aphuhlileyo amelwe yi-United States, iJamani kunye ne-Japan sele igqibile ngokusisiseko ukutshintshwa kobugcisa bemveli bokuvelisa kwezinye iindawo ezinkulu zoshishino kwaye bangene kwixesha "lokuvelisa ukukhanya"; nangona uphuhliso lwezicelo ze-laser e-China lukhawuleza, kodwa izinga lokungena kwesicelo lisephantsi. Njengobuchwephesha obuphambili bokuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso, ishishini le-laser liya kuqhubeka liyindawo ephambili yenkxaso yesizwe, kwaye liqhubeke nokwandisa umda wesicelo, kwaye ekugqibeleni likhuthaze ishishini lokuvelisa laseTshayina kwixesha "lokuvelisa ukukhanya". Ukusuka kwimeko yophuhliso lwangoku, uphuhliso loshishino lwaseTshayina lwelaser lubonisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo zophuhliso.
(1) I-laser chip ye-semiconductor kunye nezinye izinto ezingundoqo ngokuthe ngcembe ziqonda indawo yokuhlala
Thatha i-fiber laser njengomzekelo, umthombo ophezulu we-fiber we-laser wepompo yeyona ndawo iphambili yesicelo se-semiconductor laser, i-high power semiconductor laser chip kunye nemodyuli yinto ebalulekileyo ye-fiber laser. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini laseTshayina le-fiber optical fiber likwinqanaba lokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye inqanaba lokuhlala liyanda unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokubhekiselele ekungeneni kwimarike, kwimarike ye-laser ye-laser yamandla aphantsi, isabelo semarike yeelases zasekhaya sifikelele kuma-99.01% ngo-2019; kwimarike ye-laser ye-fiber yamandla aphakathi, izinga lokungena kwe-laser zasekhaya ligcinwe ngaphezu kwe-50% kwiminyaka yakutshanje; inkqubo yendawo ye-laser fiber lasers nayo ihamba ngokuthe ngcembe, ukusuka kwi-2013 ukuya kwi-2019 ukufezekisa "ukusuka ekuqaleni". Inkqubo yendawo ye-laser yefayibha yamandla aphezulu nayo iqhubela phambili ngokuthe ngcembe, ukusuka kowama-2013 ukuya kowama-2019, kwaye ifikelele kumyinge wokungena we-55.56%, kwaye izinga lokungena lasekhaya le-laser zombane ophezulu kulindeleke ukuba libe ngama-57.58% ngo-2020.
Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezingundoqo ezifana ne-high-power semiconductor laser chips zisaxhomekeke ekungeniswayo ngaphandle, kunye nezinto ezinyukayo ze-laser ezine-semiconductor laser chips njengoko undoqo usenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe, othi kwelinye icala uphucule isikali semarike yezinto eziphezulu ze-laser. iilaser zasekhaya, kwaye kwelinye icala, kunye nokufakwa kwendawo yamacandelo angundoqo anyukayo, inokuphucula amandla abenzi be-laser basekhaya ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe.
(2) Usetyenziso lweLaser lungena ngokukhawuleza nangokubanzi
Ngokwenziwa kwasekhaya ngokuthe ngcembe kwamacandelo aphambili e-optoelectronic kunye nokwehla kancinci kweendleko zokusetyenziswa kwelaser, iilaser ziya kungena nzulu ngakumbi kumashishini amaninzi.
Kwelinye icala, e-China, ukusetyenzwa kwe-laser kukwangena kwiindawo ezilishumi eziphezulu zesicelo soshishino lwase-China, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwe-laser processing ziya kwandiswa ngakumbi kwaye isikali semarike siya kwandiswa ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo. Kwelinye icala, ngokuqhubeka kodumo kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji efana nokungaqhubi, inkqubo yokuqhubela phambili encediswayo, irobhothi ejolise kwinkonzo, imvakalelo ye-3D, njl.njl., iya kusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezinje ngemoto, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, i-elektroniki yabathengi. , ukuqaphela ubuso, unxibelelwano lwe-optical kunye nophando lwezokhuselo lwesizwe. Njengesixhobo esingundoqo okanye inxalenye yezicelo ze-laser ezingentla, i-laser ye-semiconductor nayo iya kufumana indawo yophuhliso olukhawulezayo.
(3) Amandla aphezulu, umgangatho ongcono we-beam, ubude obufutshane kunye nophuhliso lomkhombandlela okhawulezayo
Kwintsimi yee-lasers zemizi-mveliso, i-fiber lasers yenze inkqubela phambili enkulu ngokwemveliso yamandla, umgangatho we-beam kunye nokukhanya ukususela ekuqalisweni kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, amandla aphezulu anokuphucula isantya sokucubungula, ukwandisa umgangatho wokucubungula, kunye nokwandisa intsimi yokucubungula kwimveliso yoshishino olunzima, kwimveliso yeemoto, ukuveliswa kwe-aerospace, amandla, ukuveliswa koomatshini, i-metallurgy, ukwakhiwa kwezothutho zikaloliwe, uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nezinye iinkalo zesicelo ekusikeni. , i-welding, unyango olungaphezulu, njl., iimfuno zamandla e-fiber laser ziyaqhubeka zikhula. Abavelisi besixhobo esihambelanayo kufuneka baqhubeke nokuphucula ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezingundoqo (ezifana ne-high-power semiconductor laser chip kunye nokuzuza ifayibha), ukonyuka kwamandla efiber laser kukwafuna ubuchwephesha bokumodulation belaser obufana nokudibanisa umqadi kunye nokudibanisa amandla, okuya kuzisa iimfuno ezintsha. kunye nemingeni kubavelisi be-laser semiconductor ephezulu yamandla. Ukongeza, ubude bamaza amafutshane, amaza ngakumbi, ngokukhawuleza (ultrafast) uphuhliso laser kwakhona isalathiso ebalulekileyo, ikakhulu isetyenziswa chips ezidityanisiweyo wesekethe, imiboniso, i-electronics abathengi, i-aerospace kunye nezinye microprocessing ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nenzululwazi ubomi, ezonyango, ukuva kunye nezinye. emasimini, i-laser semiconductor chip nayo ibeka phambili iimfuno ezintsha.
(4) yamandla aphezulu emfuno yelaser optoelectronic yokukhula ngakumbi
Uphuhliso kunye noshishino lwe-laser ye-fiber high-power yisiphumo senkqubela phambili ye-synergistic ye-chain chain chain, efuna ukuxhaswa kwezinto eziphambili ze-optoelectronic ezifana nomthombo wempompo, i-isolator, i-beam concentrator, njl. I-laser yefiber isisiseko kunye namacandelo aphambili ophuhliso kunye nemveliso, kwaye imarike eyandisiweyo ye-laser yefayibha yamandla aphezulu ikwaqhuba imfuno yentengiso yamacandelo aphambili anje nge-high-power semiconductor laser chips. Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuculo oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yefiber yelaser yasekhaya, ukufakwa endaweni yokungenisa kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwaba yinto engenakuphepheka, isabelo semakethi ye-laser kwihlabathi siya kuqhubeka siphucuka, nto leyo izisa amathuba amakhulu amandla asekhaya abavelisi bamacandelo e-optoelectronic.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-07-2023
