Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-laser kunye nezixhobo kubandakanya izinto ezininzi ezibonakalayo kunye neempawu. Amanqaku amathathu alandelayo aya kwazisa izinto ezintathu eziphambili zomzimba ezinxulumene nenkqubo ye-laser welding ukwenzela ukunika oogxa babo ukuqonda okucacileyo kwe-laser welding process.inkqubo welding laser: yahlulwe ibe yinqanaba lokufunxa i-laser kunye notshintsho kwimeko, i-plasma kunye nesiphumo se-keyhole. Ngeli xesha, siya kuhlaziya ubudlelwane phakathi kweenguqu kwimeko ye-laser kunye nezixhobo kunye nesantya sokufunxa.
Utshintsho kwimeko yomba obangelwa yintsebenziswano phakathi kwe-laser kunye nezinto eziphathekayo
Ukulungiswa kwe-laser yezinto zetsimbi kusekelwe ikakhulu kwi-thermal processing of photothermal effects. Xa i-laser irradiation isetyenziswe kumphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo, utshintsho oluhlukeneyo luya kwenzeka kwindawo engaphezulu kwezinto kuxinzelelo lwamandla ahlukeneyo. Olu tshintsho lubandakanya ukunyuka kobushushu bomphezulu, ukunyibilika, ukufunxa, ukubunjwa kwe-keyhole, kunye nokuveliswa kweplasma. Ngaphezu koko, utshintsho kwimeko yendalo yendawo yezinto eziphathekayo kuchaphazela kakhulu ukufunxa kwe-laser. Ngokunyuka koxinano lwamandla kunye nexesha lesenzo, izinto zetsimbi ziya kuba nolu tshintsho lulandelayo kwimeko:
Xa iamandla laserUxinaniso luphantsi (<10 ^ 4w / cm ^ 2) kwaye ixesha lokutshiza lifutshane, amandla e-laser athathwe yintsimbi angabangela kuphela ukushisa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngaphakathi, kodwa isigaba esiqinileyo sihlala singatshintshi. . Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kunyango lwenxalenye yokucoca kunye nenguqu yenqanaba, ngezixhobo, iigiyeri, kunye neebheringi zisisininzi;
Ngokunyuka koxinzelelo lwamandla e-laser (10 ^ 4-10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2) kunye nokwandiswa kwexesha le-irradiation, ubuso bezinto eziphathekayo buncibilika ngokuthe ngcembe. Njengoko igalelo lamandla lisanda, ujongano olululwelo oluqinileyo luhamba ngokuthe ngcembe lusiya kwindawo enzulu yezinto. Le nkqubo yomzimba isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa umphezulu, i-alloying, i-cladding, kunye ne-thermal conductivity welding yesinyithi.
Ngokwandisa ngakumbi uxinano lwamandla (> 10 ^ 6w/cm ^ 2) kunye nokwandisa ixesha lesenzo se-laser, umphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo awunyibiliki nje kuphela kodwa uphinde ube ngumphunga, kwaye izinto ezenziwe ngumphunga ziqokelelana kufuphi nomphezulu wezinto kwaye zibuthathaka ionize ukwenza iplasma. Le plasma encinci inceda izinto ezifunxa i-laser; Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-vaporization kunye nokwandiswa, umphezulu we-liquid uguqula kwaye wenze imigodi. Eli nqanaba lingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda kwe-laser, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-splicing conductivity ye-thermal conductivity ye-micro connections ngaphakathi kwe-0.5mm.
Ngokunyusa ngakumbi ubuninzi bamandla (> 10 ^ 7w / cm ^ 2) kunye nokwandisa ixesha le-irradiation, ubuso bezinto eziphathekayo buhamba nge-vaporization enamandla, yenze i-plasma enezinga eliphezulu le-ionization. Le plasma exineneyo inefuthe lokukhusela kwi-laser, inciphisa kakhulu ukuxinana kwamandla kwisehlo se-laser kwizinto eziphathekayo. Kwangaxeshanye, phantsi kwamandla amakhulu okuphendula umphunga, imingxuma emincinci, eyaziwa ngokuba yimingxuma yezitshixo, yenziwa ngaphakathi kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, Ubukho bemingxuma yezitshixo buluncedo kwizinto ezifunxa i-laser, kwaye eli nqanaba lingasetyenziselwa ukuxubana okunzulu kwe-laser. ukuwelda, ukusika kunye nokugrumba, ukuqina kwempembelelo, njl.
Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo, ubude obuhlukeneyo be-laser irradiation kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi ziya kubangela amaxabiso athile oxinaniso lwamandla kwinqanaba ngalinye.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-absorption ye-laser ngezinto eziphathekayo, i-vaporization yezinto eziphathekayo ngumda. Xa i-material ingangeni kwi-vaporization, nokuba ikwisigaba esiqinileyo okanye solwelo, ukufunxwa kwayo kwelaser kutshintsha kuphela ngokucothayo ngokunyuka kobushushu bomhlaba; Nje ukuba izinto zibe ngumphunga kwaye zenze iplasma kunye nezitshixo, ukufunxa kwelaser kuya kutshintsha ngequbuliso.
Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Figure 2, izinga lokufakwa kwe-laser kwindawo yezinto eziphathekayo ngexesha le-laser welding iyahluka ngokuxinwa kwamandla e-laser kunye nobushushu bomhlaba. Xa i-material inganyibiliki, izinga lokufunxwa kwezinto kwi-laser liya likhula ngokucothayo ngokunyuka kweqondo lobushushu. Xa ubuninzi bamandla bukhulu kuno (10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2), i-material vaporizes ngobudlova, yenze i-keyhole. I-laser ingena kwi-keyhole yokubonakalisa ezininzi kunye nokufunxa, okukhokelela ekunyuseni okuphawulekayo kwisantya sokufakwa kwezinto kwi-laser kunye nokunyuka okuphawulekayo kobunzulu bokunyibilika.
Ukufunxwa kweLaser ngezinto zeMetal-Wavelength
Lo mzobo ungasentla ubonisa igophe lobudlelwane phakathi kokubonakala, ukufunxa, kunye ne-wavelength yeentsimbi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. Kwingingqi ye-infrared, izinga lokufunxa liyancipha kwaye ukubonakaliswa kuyanda ngokunyuka kwe-wavelength. Uninzi lweentsimbi zibonakalisa ngamandla i-10.6um (CO2) yobude bokukhanya kwe-infrared ngelixa ibonakalisa buthathaka i-1.06um (1060nm) yobude bokukhanya kwe-infrared. Izixhobo zetsimbi zinezinga eliphezulu lokufunxa kwiilaser ezimfutshane zamaza, ezinjengokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nohlaza.
Ukufunxwa kweLaser ngeMathiriyeli yeNsimbi – iTemperature yeMathiriyeli kunye neLaser Energy Density
Ukuthatha i-alloy ye-aluminium njengomzekelo, xa izinto ziqinile, izinga lokufunxa kwe-laser lijikeleze i-5-7%, izinga lokufunxa ulwelo lifikelela kuma-25-35%, kwaye linokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-90% kwimeko ye-keyhole.
Isantya sokufakwa kwezinto kwi-laser sanda ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa. Izinga lokufunxa izinto zetsimbi kwiqondo lokushisa elisezantsi kakhulu. Xa iqondo lobushushu linyuka ukuya kufutshane nendawo yokunyibilika, izinga lokufunxa lingafikelela kuma-40% ~60%. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu lisondele kwindawo yokubilisa, izinga lokufunxa kwayo linokufikelela kwi-90%.
Ukufunxwa kweLaser ngezinto zeMetal-iMeko yoMphezulu
Izinga lokufunxa eliqhelekileyo lilinganiswa kusetyenziswa umphezulu wesinyithi ogudileyo, kodwa kwizicelo ezisebenzayo zokufudumeza kwe-laser, ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukunyusa izinga lokufunxa kwezinto ezithile eziphezulu zokubonisa (i-aluminiyam, ubhedu) ukuphepha i-solder yobuxoki ebangelwa ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu;
Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zinokusetyenziswa:
1. Ukwamkela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zonyango zangaphambili zokuphucula ukubonakaliswa kwe-laser: iprototype oxidation, i-sandblasting, ukucocwa kwe-laser, i-nickel plating, i-tin plating, i-graphite coating, njl.
Undoqo kukunyusa uburhabaxa bomphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo (okulungelelaniswa nokubonakaliswa kwe-laser ezininzi kunye nokufunxa), kunye nokwandisa izinto zokugquma ngezinga eliphezulu lokufunxa. Ngokufunxa amandla e-laser kunye nokunyibilika kunye nokuwuguqula ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphezulu zokufunxa, ukushisa kwe-laser kudluliselwa kwizinto ezisisiseko ukuphucula izinga lokufunxa izinto kunye nokunciphisa i-welding ebonakalayo ebangelwa yinto ephezulu yokubonakalisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-23-2023
