Sele kuyiminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 ukususela oko “umqadi wokukhanya okuhambelanayo” wenziwe kwilabhoratri yaseCalifornia ngowe-1960. Njengomyili welaser, uTH Maiman, wathi, “Ilaser sisisombululo ekufuneni ingxaki.” I-Laser, njengesixhobo, ingena ngokuthe ngcembe kwiindawo ezininzi ezinje ngokusetyenzwa kwemizi-mveliso, unxibelelwano lwamehlo, kunye nekhompyuter yedatha.
Iinkampani ze-laser zaseTshayina, ezibizwa ngokuba yi "Kings of Involution", zithembele "kwixabiso le-volume" ukuze zibambe isabelo semarike, kodwa zihlawula ixabiso leenzuzo eziwayo.
Imarike yasekhaya iye yawela kukhuphiswano oluqatha, kwaye iinkampani ze-laser zijike zangaphandle kwaye zahamba ngenqanawa zikhangela "ilizwekazi elitsha" lelaseTshayina. Ngo-2023, i-China Laser yaqala ngokusemthethweni "unyaka wayo wokuqala wokuya phesheya." Kwi-Munich International Light Expo eJamani ekupheleni kukaJuni kulo nyaka, ngaphezu kweenkampani ze-220 zaseTshayina zenza ukubonakala kweqela, okwenza ilizwe libe nenani elikhulu lababonisi ngaphandle komninimzi waseJamani.
Ngaba iphenyane lidlule kwiiNtaba ezingamawaka alishumi? I-China Laser inokuthembela njani "kwivolumu" ukuze ime ngokuqinileyo, kwaye yintoni ekufuneka ithembele kuyo ukuya phambili?
1. Ukusukela “kwiminyaka elishumi yegolide” ukuya “kwimarike yokopha”
Njengommeli wetekhnoloji ekhulayo, uphando lweshishini lelaser lwasekhaya aluqalanga emva kwexesha, luqala phantse ngaxeshanye nolwezizwe ngezizwe. I-laser yokuqala yehlabathi yaphuma ngo-1960. Phantse ngexesha elifanayo, ngo-Agasti 1961, i-laser yokuqala yaseChina yazalwa kwi-Changchun Institute of Optics kunye ne-Mechanics ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Emva koko, iinkampani ezinkulu zezixhobo ze-laser emhlabeni zasekwa enye emva kwenye. Kwiminyaka elishumi yokuqala yembali ye-laser, i-Bystronic kunye ne-Coherent yazalwa. Ngeminyaka yee-1970, II-VI kunye nePrima zasekwa ngokulandelelanayo. I-TRUMPF, inkokeli yezixhobo zomatshini, nayo yaqala ngo-1977. Emva kokubuyisela i-CO₂ laser ukusuka ekutyeleleni kwakhe e-United States kwi-2016, ishishini le-laser ye-TRUMPF laqala.
Kwindlela yoshishino, iinkampani zaseTshayina zelaser zaqala kade. ILaser yeHan yasekwa ngo-1993, iHuagong Technology yasekwa ngo-1999, iChuangxin Laser yasekwa ngo-2004, iJPT yasekwa ngo-2006, kwaye iRaycus Laser yasekwa ngo-2007. yiba nomfutho wokubetha kamva.
Kwiminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo, iilaser zaseTshayina ziye zafumana "ishumi leminyaka eligolide" kwaye "ukutshintshwa kwasekhaya" kuguquguquka ngokupheleleyo. Ukusukela ngo-2012 ukuya ku-2022, isantya sokukhula sonyaka kwishishini le-laser yelizwe lam liya kudlula i-10%, kwaye ixabiso lemveliso liya kufikelela kwi-86.2 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2022.
Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, imakethi ye-fiber laser ikhuthaze ngokukhawuleza ukutshintshwa kwasekhaya ngesantya esibonakalayo kwiso lenyama. Isabelo semarike yeelaser zefiber yasekhaya sinyuke ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-40% ukuya phantse kuma-70% kwiminyaka emihlanu. Isabelo semarike ye-American IPG, i-fiber laser ehamba phambili, e-China yehle kakhulu ukusuka kwi-53% ngo-2017 ukuya kwi-28% kwi-2022.
Umzobo: Ukhuphiswano lwemarike ye-laser yaseChina ukusuka ngo-2018 ukuya ku-2022 (umthombo wedatha: Ingxelo yoPhuhliso lweLaser yaseTshayina)
Masingayikhankanyi imarike yamandla aphantsi, eye yazuza indawo yasekhaya ngokusisiseko. Ukujonga "kukhuphiswano lwe-10,000-watt" kwimarike yamandla aphezulu, abavelisi basekhaya bakhuphisana, babonisa "i-China Speed" ngokupheleleyo. Kwathatha i-IPG iminyaka eyi-13 ukususela ekukhululweni kwe-fiber laser yokuqala ye-10-watt ye-industrial-grade fiber ngo-1996 ukuya ekukhululweni kwe-fiber laser yokuqala ye-10,000-watt, ngelixa ithatha iminyaka eyi-5 kuphela ukuba i-Raycus Laser ihambe ukusuka kwi-10 watts ukuya kwi-10,000. watts.
Kukhuphiswano lweewatt ezili-10 000, abavelisi basekhaya baye bangenelela edabini emva komnye, yaye ukwenziwa kwasekhaya kuhambela phambili ngesantya esothusayo. Kule mihla, ii-watts ezili-10,000 aziseloxesha litsha, kodwa litikiti loshishino lokungena kwisangqa selaser eqhubekayo. Kwiminyaka emithathu eyadlulayo, xa iChuangxin Laser yabonisa i-laser yayo ye-25,000-watt fiber kwi-Shanghai Munich Light Expo, yabangela ukuxinana kwezithuthi. Nangona kunjalo, kwimiboniso ye-laser eyahlukeneyo kulo nyaka, "i-10,000 watt" iye yaba ngumgangatho wamashishini, kunye ne-30,000 watt, Ileyibhile ye-60,000-watt nayo ibonakala iyinto eqhelekileyo. Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba kulo nyaka, iPentium kunye neChuangxin zasungula umatshini wokuqala wokusika we-laser we-85,000-watt wehlabathi, ukwaphula irekhodi le-laser wattage kwakhona.
Ngeli xesha, ukhuphiswano lwe-10,000-watt lufikelele esiphelweni. Oomatshini bokusika i-Laser batshintshe ngokupheleleyo iindlela zokucutshungulwa kwendabuko ezifana neplasma kunye nokusika idangatye kwibala lokusika ipleyiti ephakathi kunye nengqindilili. Ukwandisa amandla e-laser akusayi kuba negalelo elikhulu ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kuya kwandisa iindleko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. .
Umfanekiso: Utshintsho kumazinga enzala eshiyekileyo yeenkampani zelaser ukusuka ku-2014 ukuya ku-2022 (umthombo wedatha: Umoya)
Ngelixa ukhuphiswano lwe-10,000-watt yayiluloyiso olupheleleyo, "imfazwe yexabiso" eyoyikisayo nayo yabangela isibetho esibuhlungu kwishishini le-laser. Kuthathe iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ukuba isabelo sasekhaya selaser sigqobhoze, kwaye kwathatha iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ukuba ishishini lefiber laser lisuke kwingeniso enkulu liye kwingeniso encinci. Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, izicwangciso zokunciphisa amaxabiso ziye zaba yindlela ebalulekileyo yokukhokela iinkampani zasekhaya ukwandisa isabelo semarike. I-laser zasekhaya "zithengise ixabiso lomthamo" kwaye zikhukulise kwiimarike ukuze zikhuphisane nabavelisi bangaphandle, kwaye "imfazwe yexabiso" iye yanda ngokuthe ngcembe.
I-laser yefayibha eyi-10,000-watt ithengiswe ukuya kutsho kwi-2 yezigidi zeeyuan ngo-2017. Ngo-2021, abavelisi basekhaya baye banciphisa ixabiso layo ukuya kwi-yuan eyi-400,000. Enkosi kwinzuzo yayo enkulu yexabiso, isabelo semakethi sikaRaycus Laser sibophe i-IPG okokuqala kwikota yesithathu ka-2021, sifumana impumelelo eyimbali ekuthatheni indawo yasekhaya.
Ukungena kwi-2022, njengoko inani leenkampani ze-laser zasekhaya liqhubeka nokunyuka, abavelisi be-laser baye bangena kwinqanaba elithi "involution" lokukhuphisana omnye nomnye. Ibala ledabi eliphambili kwimfazwe yexabiso lelaser litshintshile ukusuka kwi-1-3 kW icandelo lemveliso yamandla aphantsi ukuya kwi-6-50 kW yemveliso yamandla aphezulu, kwaye iinkampani ziyakhuphisana ukuphuhlisa iilaser zefayibha zamandla aphezulu. Iikhuphoni zexabiso, iikhuphoni zenkonzo, kunye nabanye abavelisi basekhaya bade basungula isicwangciso "sokuhlawula i-zero down", babeka izixhobo simahla kubavelisi abasezantsi ukuze bavavanywe, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwaba lukhuni.
Ekupheleni kwe "roll", iinkampani ze-laser zokubila azizange zilinde isivuno esihle. Ngo-2022, ixabiso le-fiber lasers kwimarike yaseTshayina liya kuhla nge-40-80% ngonyaka. Amaxabiso angaphakathi kwezinye iimveliso athotyiwe ukuya kutsho kwisishumi samaxabiso avela kumazwe angaphandle. Iinkampani ikakhulu zixhomekeke ekwandiseni ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukugcina imida yengeniso. Isigebenga se-laser yasekhaya iRaycus ifumene ukonyuka okukhulu konyaka nonyaka ekuhanjisweni, kodwa ingeniso yayo yokusebenza yehle nge-6.48% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye inzuzo yayo yehle ngaphezulu kwe-90% unyaka nonyaka. Uninzi lwabavelisi basekhaya abashishini labo liphambili zii-lasers baya kubona inzuzo ebukhali ngo-2022.
Umzobo: "Imfazwe yexabiso" intsingiselo kwindawo yelaser (umthombo wedatha: ihlanganiswe kulwazi lukawonke-wonke)
Nangona iinkampani ezikhokelayo zaphesheya ziye zabandezeleka "kwimfazwe yexabiso" kwimarike yaseTshayina, zixhomekeke kwiziseko zabo ezinzulu, ukusebenza kwazo akuzange kunciphe kodwa kwanda.
Ngenxa yeqela le-TRUMPF elilawula yedwa kwi-EUV lithography kumatshini wokukhanya ishishini lenkampani yaseDutch i-ASML, umthamo wayo womyalelo kunyaka-mali ka-2022 unyuke ukusuka kwi-3.9 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro ngexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo ukuya kwi-5.6 yebhiliyoni ye-euro, ukunyuka okubalulekileyo konyaka kwi-42%; Ukuthengiswa kweGaoyi kwi-fiscal 2022 emva kokufunyanwa kweNgeniso yaseGuanglian kunyuke nge-7% ngonyaka, kwaye umthamo we-odolo ufikelele kwi-US $ 4.32 yezigidigidi, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-29%. Umsebenzi ube ngaphaya koko bekulindelwe kwikota yesine ilandelelana.
Emva kokuphulukana nomhlaba kwimarike yaseTshayina, eyona marike inkulu yokusetyenzwa kwelaser, iinkampani zaphesheya zisenokufikelela kwirekhodi yokusebenza okuphezulu. Yintoni esinokuyifunda kwindlela yophuhliso lwelaser yeenkampani eziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe?
2. “Udibaniso oluthe nkqo” vs. “Diyagonal indibaniselwano”
Enyanisweni, ngaphambi kokuba imarike yasekhaya ifikelele kwi-watts ye-10,000 kwaye iqalise "imfazwe yexabiso", iinkampani ezikhokelayo zaphesheya ziye zagqiba umjikelo wokuguquguquka ngaphambi kweshedyuli. Nangona kunjalo, into "abayiqengqileyo" ayiloxabiso, kodwa uyilo lwemveliso, kwaye baqalise ukudityaniswa kwekhonkco leshishini ngokudityaniswa kunye nokuthengwa. indlela yokwandisa.
Kwintsimi ye-laser processing, iinkampani ezihamba phambili zamazwe ngamazwe zithathe iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo: kwindlela yokudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo malunga nekhonkco elilodwa lemveliso yemveliso, i-IPG inyathelo elinye phambili; ngelixa iinkampani ezimelwe yi-TRUMPF kunye ne-Coherent zikhethe "Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Oblique" kuthetha ukuhlanganiswa ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokwandiswa kwendawo ethe tye "ngezandla zombini." Iinkampani ezintathu ziye zaqala ngokulandelelana kwazo, ezizezi, ixesha le-fiber optical elimelwe yi-IPG, i-disc era emelwe yi-TRUMPF, kunye ne-gas (kubandakanywa ne-excimer) emele i-Coherent.
IPG ilawula imarike ngefiber lasers. Ukususela kuluhlu lwayo kwi-2006, ngaphandle kweengxaki zemali kwi-2008, ingeniso yokusebenza kunye neenzuzo ziye zahlala kwizinga eliphezulu. Ukusukela ngo-2008, i-IPG ifumene uthotho lwabavelisi abanobuchwepheshe besixhobo esifana ne-optical isolator, i-optical coupling lens, i-fiber gratings, kunye neemodyuli zamehlo, kuquka i-Photonics Innovations, i-JPSA, i-Mobius Photonics, kunye ne-Menara Networks, ukuqhuba ukuhlanganiswa ngokuthe nkqo ukuya phezulu. ikhonkco loshishino lwefiber laser. .
Ngo-2010, udibaniso oluthe nkqo lwe-IPG lwagqitywa. Inkampani ifezekise phantse i-100% yesakhono sokuzenzela samacandelo aphambili, kakhulu phambi kwabakhuphisana nabo. Ukongeza, iye yakhokela kwezobuchwephesha kwaye yaba nguvulindlela indlela yokuqala yehlabathi yeteknoloji yeamplifier. I-IPG yayikwintsimi ye-fiber lasers. Hlala ngokuqinileyo kwitrone yolawulo lwehlabathi.
Figure: IPG industry chain integration process (umthombo wedata: ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi loluntu)
Okwangoku, iinkampani ze-laser zasekhaya, ezibanjwe "kwimfazwe yexabiso", zingene kwinqanaba "lokudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo". Ngokuthe nkqo udibanisa ikhonkco lemizi-mveliso ukuya phezulu kwaye uqonde ukuveliswa kwezinto ezingundoqo, ngaloo ndlela uphucula ilizwi lemveliso kwimarike.
Ngo-2022, njengoko "imfazwe yamaxabiso" isiya isiba mbi kakhulu, inkqubo yokwenziwa kwendawo yezixhobo eziphambili iya kukhawuleziswa ngokupheleleyo. Abavelisi be-laser abaliqela baye benza impumelelo kwimowudi enkulu ye-double-cladding (i-triple-cladding) ytterbium-doped laser technology; izinga lokuzenzela lamacandelo e-passive liye landa kakhulu; iindlela ezizezinye zasekhaya ezinje nge-isolator, ii-collimators, izihlanganisi, ii-couplers, kunye ne-fiber gratings ziya zithandwa kakhulu. Baqolileyo. Iinkampani ezihamba phambili ezifana noRaycus kunye neChuangxin ziye zamkela indlela yokudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo, zibandakanyeke ngokunzulu kwi-fiber lasers, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zafumana ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwamacandelo ngokunyuka kophando lweteknoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nokudibanisa kunye nokuthengwa.
Xa "imfazwe" esele iphele iminyaka emininzi iphelile, inkqubo yokudibanisa i-industrial chain chain yamashishini ahamba phambili iye yakhawuleza, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, amashishini amancinci naphakathi aye aqaphela ukhuphiswano olwahlukileyo kwizisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ngo-2023, imeko yemfazwe yamaxabiso kwishishini le-laser iye yaba buthathaka, kwaye inzuzo yeenkampani ze-laser inyuke kakhulu. I-Raycus Laser izuze inzuzo ye-112 yezigidi zeeyuan kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2023, ukunyuka kwe-412.25%, kwaye ekugqibeleni yavela emthunzini "wemfazwe yexabiso".
Ummeli oqhelekileyo wendlela yophuhliso "yokudityaniswa kwe-oblique" yiQela le-TRUMPF. IQela le-TRUMPF laqala laqala njengenkampani yesixhobo somatshini. Ishishini lelaser ekuqaleni yayiyi-carbon dioxide lasers. Kamva, yafumana i-HüTTINGER (1990), i-HAAS Laser Co., Ltd. (1991), i-Saxony Machine Tools kunye ne-Special Machine Tools Co., Ltd. (1992), kwaye yandisa ishishini layo le-laser eqinile. Kwishishini lomatshini wokusika i-laser kunye namanzi, i-laser yokuqala yovavanyo yediskhi yasungulwa ngo-1999 kwaye ukusukela ngoko yahlala ngokuqinileyo kwindawo ephambili kwimarike yediski. Kwi-2008, i-TRUMPF yafumana i-SPI, eyayikwazi ukukhuphisana ne-IPG, i-US $ 48.9 yezigidi, izisa i-fiber lasers kwindawo yayo yoshishino. Ikwayenze intshukumo rhoqo kwintsimi yee-lasers ze-ultrafast. Iye yafumana ngokulandelelana abavelisi be-laser ye-ultrashort pulse Amphos (2018) kunye ne-Active Fiber Systems GmbH (2022), kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuzalisa isithuba kuyilo lwe-ultrafast laser technologies ezifana neediski, i-slabs kunye nokukhulisa ifayibha. "I-puzzle". Ukongeza kubume obuthe tye beemveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-laser ezifana ne-disc lasers, i-carbon dioxide lasers, kunye ne-fiber lasers, iQela le-TRUMPF liqhuba kakuhle ekudityanisweni okuthe nkqo kwekhonkco lezoshishino. Ikwabonelela ngeemveliso zezixhobo zoomatshini ezipheleleyo kwiinkampani ezisezantsi kwaye ikwanenzuzo yokukhuphisana kwicandelo lezixhobo zoomatshini.
Umzobo: Inkqubo yeQela leTRUMPF yokuhlanganiswa kweshishini (umthombo wedatha: ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi loluntu)
Le ndlela ivumela ukuveliswa okuthe nkqo komgca wonke ukusuka kumacandelo angundoqo ukugqiba izixhobo, ngokuthe tye ibeka iimveliso ze-laser ezininzi, kwaye iyaqhubeka nokwandisa imida yemveliso. I-Han's Laser kunye ne-Huagong Technology, iinkampani ezikhokelayo zasekhaya kwintsimi ye-laser, zilandela indlela efanayo, ibeka indawo yokuqala neyesibini phakathi kwabavelisi basekhaya ekusebenzeni ingeniso unyaka wonke.
Ukufiphala kwemida enyukayo nasezantsi yinto eqhelekileyo kwishishini le-laser. Ngenxa yokudibanisa kunye ne-modularization yethekhnoloji, umda wokungena awuphezulu. Ngesiseko sabo kunye nokukhuthazwa kwenkunzi, akukho baninzi abavelisi basekhaya abakwaziyo "ukuvula imimandla emitsha" kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ayifane ibonwe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abanye abavelisi basekhaya baye bomeleza ngokuthe ngcembe amandla abo okudibanisa kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe bafiphalisa imida yekhonkco leshishini. Ubudlelwane bekhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla enyukayo kunye nasezantsi buye bavela ngokuthe ngcembe babakhuphisana, kunye nokhuphiswano oluqatha kuyo yonke ikhonkco.
Ukhuphiswano olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu luye lwakhula ngokukhawuleza imboni yelaser yaseTshayina, idala “ingwe” engoyikiyo izimbangi zaphesheya kwaye iqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yokwenziwa kwalapha ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, idale imeko "yobomi nokufa" "yeemfazwe zamaxabiso" ezigqithisileyo kunye nokhuphiswano olufanayo. imeko. Iinkampani ze-laser zaseTshayina ziye zafumana unyawo oluqinileyo ngokuthembela "kwimiqulu". Baza kwenza ntoni kwixesha elizayo?
3. Imigqaliselo emibini: Ukuseka itekhnoloji entsha kunye nokuhlola iimarike zaphesheya
Ngokuthembela kubugcisa obutsha, sinokuyicombulula ingxaki yokopha imali yokutshintsha imarike ngamaxabiso aphantsi; sithembele kwi-laser yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, sinokuyicombulula ingxaki yokhuphiswano oluqatha kwimarike yasekhaya.
Iinkampani zelaser zaseTshayina ziye zasokola ukufumana iinkokeli zaphesheya kwezilwandle kwixesha elidlulileyo. Kumxholo wokujolisa ekuthatheni indawo yasekhaya, yonke imarike yomjikelo omkhulu wokuqhambuka kwemarike ikhokelwa ziinkampani zangaphandle, kunye neempawu zalapha ekhaya zilandela ngokukhawuleza kwi-1-2 iminyaka kunye nokutshintsha iimveliso zasekhaya kunye nezicelo emva kokuba zivuthiwe. Okwangoku, kusekho into eyenzekayo kwiinkampani zangaphandle ezikhokelayo ekufakeni izicelo kumashishini asahlumayo asezantsi, ngelixa iimveliso zasekhaya ziqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukutshintshwa.
“Ukutshintshana” akufuneki kuphele ekusukeleni “ukutshintsha indawo”. Ngalo mzuzu xa ishishini laseTshayina likwimeko yenguqu, umsantsa phakathi kobuchwepheshe belaser obuphambili babavelisi basekhaya kunye namazwe angaphandle uya ucutheka kancinci kancinci. Kukufakela ubugcisa obutsha ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ufune ukugqithela ezikoneni, ukuze uhlukane “nokusebenzisa ixesha eliLungileyo kwixabiso lokuya kumthamo wexabiso.
Ngokubanzi, uyilo lobuchwepheshe obutsha lufuna ukuchonga indawo yokuthengisa elandelayo. Ukusetyenzwa kweLaser kudlule kwixesha lokusika elilawulwa kukusikwa kwesinyithi kunye nexesha le-welding elenziwe yi-boom yamandla entsha. Umjikelo olandelayo woshishino unokutshintshela kwiinkalo zokulungisa izinto ezincinci ezifana ne-pan-semiconductors, kwaye iilaser ezihambelanayo kunye nezixhobo zelaser ziya kukhulula imfuno enkulu. “Inqaku lomdlalo” leshishini liya kutshintsha ukusuka kukhuphiswano lokuqala “lwe-10,000-watt” lwamandla aqhubekayo elases ukuya “kukhuphiswano olukhawulezayo” lwee-ultra-short pulse lasers.
Ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezicandekileyo, sinokugxila kwimpumelelo kwiindawo ezintsha zesicelo ukusuka kwi-"0 ukuya kwi-1" ngexesha lomjikelezo omtsha weteknoloji. Ngokomzekelo, izinga lokungena kweeseli ze-perovskite lilindeleke ukuba lifike kwi-31% emva kwe-2025. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokuqala ze-laser azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka kokusebenza kweeseli ze-perovskite. Iinkampani zeLaser kufuneka zifake izixhobo ezitsha zelaser kwangaphambili ukuze zifezekise ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwetekhnoloji engundoqo. , phucula umda wengeniso ye-gross yezixhobo kwaye ubambe ngokukhawuleza imarike yexesha elizayo. Ukongezelela, iimeko zesicelo ezithembisayo ezifana nokugcinwa kwamandla, unyango, umboniso kunye namashishini e-semiconductor (i-laser lift-off, i-laser annealing, ukuhanjiswa kobuninzi), "i-AI + yokuvelisa i-laser", njl.
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lobuchwepheshe belaser yasekhaya kunye neemveliso, i-laser kulindeleke ukuba ibe likhadi leshishini kumashishini aseTshayina ukuya phesheya kolwandle. Uwama-2023 “ngunyaka wokuqala” wokuba iilaser ziye phesheya kolwandle. Ukujongana neemarike ezinkulu zaphesheya ezifuna ngokukhawuleza ukutyhutyha, izixhobo ze-laser ziya kulandela abavelisi besicelo esisezantsi ukuya phesheya, ngakumbi ibhetri ye-lithium yaseTshayina "ehamba phambili" kunye neshishini lemoto elitsha lamandla, eliya kubonelela ngamathuba okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezixhobo zelaser. Ulwandle luzisa amathuba embali.
Okwangoku, ukuya phesheya kweelwandle kuye kwaba yimvumelwano yoshishino, kwaye iinkampani eziphambili ziqalisile ukuthatha inyathelo lokwandisa ubume baphesheya kweelwandle. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, iLaser kaHan yabhengeza ukuba iceba ukutyala imali ezizigidi ezingama-60 zeedola ukuseka inkampani encedisayo “iGreen Energy Industry Development Co., Ltd.” eUnited States ukuhlola imarike yaseMelika; I-Lianying iseke i-subsidiary eJamani ukuhlola imakethi yaseYurophu kwaye ngoku isebenzisana nenani leefektri zaseYurophu zeebhetri Siza kuqhuba utshintshiselwano lobugcisa kunye nee-OEMs; I-Haimixing iya kujolisa nasekujongeni iimarike zaphesheya ngeeprojekthi zolwandiso lwaphesheya kweefektri zasekhaya nezangaphandle zeebhetri kunye nabavelisi bezithuthi.
Ixabiso lexabiso "likhadi lexilongo" leenkampani zaseTshayina zaseTshayina ukuya phesheya. Izixhobo ze-laser zasekhaya zineenzuzo ezicacileyo zexabiso. Emva kokwenziwa kweelaser zasekhaya kunye namacandelo angundoqo, ixabiso lezixhobo ze-laser liye lehla kakhulu, kwaye ukhuphiswano oluqatha luye lwawathoba amaxabiso. I-Asia-Pacific kunye neYurophu ziye zaba zezona ndawo ziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle kwelaser. Emva kokuya phesheya, abavelisi basekhaya baya kukwazi ukugqiba ukuthengiselana ngamaxabiso aphezulu kuneekowuteshini zasekhaya, ukwandisa kakhulu inzuzo.
Nangona kunjalo, umlinganiselo wangoku wokuthunyelwa kwemveliso yelaser kwixabiso lemveliso yoshishino lwelaser yaseTshayina lisephantsi, kwaye ukuya phesheya kolwandle kuya kujongana neengxaki ezifana nesiphumo sophawu olungonelanga kunye nobuthathaka benkonzo yokwenziwa kwasekhaya. Iseyinde kwaye inzima indlela "yokuqhubela phambili".
Imbali yophuhliso lwe-laser e-China yimbali yomzabalazo okhohlakeleyo osekelwe kumthetho wehlathi.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo, iinkampani zelaser ziye zabhaptizwa “kukhuphiswano lweewatt ezili-10 000” kunye “neemfazwe zamaxabiso” yaye zenze “i-vanguard” enokukhuphisana nemveliso yaphesheya kweelwandle kwimarike yasekhaya. Le minyaka ilishumi izayo iya kuba lithuba elibalulekileyo lokuba iilaser zasekhaya zisuke “kwimalike yokopha” ziye kubuchule obutsha bobuchwepheshe, kwaye zisuke endaweni yasekhaya zisiwe kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kuphela kukuhamba le ndlela kakuhle apho ishishini laseTshayina lelaser liya kuthi liyiqonde inguqu yalo ukusuka “ekulandeleni nasekubalekeni ecaleni” ukuya “kukuKhokela” ukutsiba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-23-2023
