Njengomthwali wezinye iinxalenye zemoto, itekhnoloji yokwenziwa komzimba wemoto imisela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wokwenziwa kwemoto. Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa komzimba we-auto, i-welding yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa. Ubuchwephesha bokuwelda ngoku obusetyenziselwa ukuwelda umzimba we-auto ikakhulu bubandakanya ukuwelda kwendawo, ukuwelda kwegesi etyhidiweyo ekhuselekileyo (i-MIG welding) kunye negesi etyhidiweyo ekhuselekileyo ye-arc welding (welding ye-MAG) kunye ne-laser welding.
Njengobuchwephesha bokuwelda obuphambili obunodityaniso lwe-optical-mechanical, itekhnoloji yokuwelda i-laser ineengenelo zokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, isantya esikhawulezayo sokuwelda, uxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-welding kunye nokuguqulwa, kunye nokuguquguquka okuhle xa kuthelekiswa netekhnoloji yemveli yokuwelda umzimba.
Ulwakhiwo lomzimba wemoto luntsonkothile, kwaye amalungu omzimba ubukhulu becala aneendonga ezibhityileyo nezigobileyo. I-auto body welding ijongene nobunzima bokuwelda obufana nokwahluka kwemathiriyeli yomzimba, ukuguquguquka kobunzima bamalungu omzimba, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda kunye neefom ezidibeneyo. Ukongeza, i-welding body welding ineemfuno eziphezulu kumgangatho we-welding kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding.
Ngokusekwe kwiiparamitha ezifanelekileyo zenkqubo ye-welding, i-laser welding inokuqinisekisa amandla aphezulu okudinwa kunye nefuthe lokuqina kwamalungu abalulekileyo omzimba xa u-welding, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nobomi benkonzo ye-welding yomzimba. Itekhnoloji ye-laser welding inokulungelelanisa ukuwelda kwamalungu omzimba we-auto aneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokudityaniswa, ubukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli, ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yokuguquguquka kwimveliso yomzimba wemoto. Ke ngoko, itekhnoloji ye-laser welding yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yobuchule bokufikelela kuphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu kushishino lweemoto.
Inkqubo ye-laser welding yemizimba yeemoto
Inkqubo ye-laser ye-welding ye-welding ye-laser: Xa ubuninzi bamandla e-laser bufikelela kwinqanaba elithile, umphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo uya kuba ngumphunga, ngaloo ndlela wenze i-key hole. Xa uxinzelelo lomphunga wesinyithi ngaphakathi emngxunyeni lufikelela kwi-equilibrium eguquguqukayo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-static kunye noxinzelelo lomphezulu wolwelo olujikelezileyo, i-laser inokuntywila ngomngxuma wesitshixo ukuya ezantsi komngxuma, kunye nokuhamba kwe-laser beam, i-weld eqhubekayo yenziwe. Kwinkqubo ye-laser ye-welding ye-welding enzulu, akukho mfuneko yokongeza i-flux encedisayo okanye i-filler ukuze udibanise imathiriyeli ye-workpiece ibe nye.
Umthungo we-weld ofunyenwe yi-laser deep fusion welding ngokubanzi igudiswa kwaye ithe tye kunye ne-deformation encinci, enceda ekuphuculeni ukuchaneka kokwenziwa komzimba we-auto. Amandla okuqina e-weld aphezulu, aqinisekisa umgangatho we-welding womzimba we-auto. Isantya se-welding sikhawuleza, esiluncedo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwemveliso ye-welding.
Kwinkqubo ye-auto body welding, ukusetyenziswa kwe-laser deep fusion welding process inokunciphisa kakhulu inani lamalungu, ukubumba kunye ne-welding tooling, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ubunzima bomzimba kunye neendleko zemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye-laser ye-fusion ye-welding enzulu ayinyamezeli kangako kwi-gap yendibano yeendawo eziza kuxutywa, kwaye i-gap yendibano kufuneka ilawulwe phakathi kwe-0.05 kunye ne-2 mm. Ukuba i-gap yendibano inkulu kakhulu, iziphene ze-welding ezifana ne-porosity ziya kwenzeka.
Uphando lwangoku lubonisa ukuba kwi-auto body welding yesixhobo esifanayo, ngokulungisa iiparamitha zenkqubo ye-laser deep-fusion welding, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane i-weld enokwakheka kakuhle komphezulu, iziphene ezimbalwa zangaphakathi kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini. Iipropathi ezigqwesileyo zomatshini we-weld zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ze-auto. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-auto body welding, i-aluminium alloy-steel njengommeli we-heterogeneous metal laser deep fusion inkqubo ye-welding ayivuthwanga, nangona ngokudibanisa umaleko wenguqu unokufumana ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-weld, kodwa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zenguqu kwi-weld. I-IMC inefuthe kwindlela yokusebenza kunye nefuthe layo kwisakhiwo esincinci se-weld mechanism ayicaci, ifuna uphononongo olunzulu.
Auto Body Laser Wire Ukuzalisa Inkqubo Welding
Inkqubo ye-welding ye-laser filler isekelwe kulo mgaqo ulandelayo: Ukudibanisa okudibeneyo kwenziwa ngokuzalisa kwangaphambili i-weld ngocingo oluthile okanye ngokutya i-wire ngaxeshanye ngexesha le-laser welding process. Oku kulingana nokondla umyinge omalunga ne-homogeneous wemathiriyeli yocingo kwi-weld pool ngexesha lelaser deep fusion welding. Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa inkqubo ye-welding ye-laser filler.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-laser ye-fusion ye-welding enzulu, i-laser filler welding ineengenelo ezimbini kwi-auto body welding: okokuqala, inokuphucula kakhulu ukunyamezelana kwe-gap yendibano phakathi kwamalungu omzimba we-auto ukuba adityaniswe kwaye asombulule ingxaki yemfuneko ye-bevel gap ephezulu ye-laser ye-fusion ye-welding. ; okwesibini, inokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwezicubu kwindawo ye-weld ngokusebenzisa iingcingo ezinomxholo ohlukeneyo wokubunjwa, kwaye emva koko ulawule ukusebenza kwe-weld.
Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa komzimba we-auto, inkqubo ye-laser filler welding isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuwelda ialluminiyam kunye namalungu entsimbi omzimba. Ngokukodwa kwinkqubo ye-welding ye-aluminium alloy alloy body body, ukuxinana komphezulu wedama elityhidiweyo lincinci, elinokuthi likhokelela ekuweni kwechibi elityhidiweyo, ngelixa inkqubo ye-laser filler welding inokusombulula ngcono ingxaki yokuwa kwechibi elinyibilikisiweyo. ngokunyibilika kocingo kwinkqubo ye-laser welding.
Inkqubo yokuqhafaza i-laser yomzimba weemoto
Inkqubo yokuqhafaza kwe-laser isekelwe kulo mgaqo ulandelayo: Ukusebenzisa i-laser njengomthombo wokushisa, i-laser beam igxininisekile kwaye ifakwe kwi-irradiated phezu kocingo, i-wire iyanyibilika, ucingo olunyibilikisiweyo luthontsiza phantsi kwaye luzalise i-workpiece ukuba i-welded, kunye neziphumo zesinyithi ezifana nokunyibilika kunye nokusabalalisa kwenzeka phakathi kwezinto zokubethelwa kunye ne-workpiece, ngaloo ndlela zidibanisa i-workpiece. Ngokungafaniyo nenkqubo ye-laser ye-welding ye-welding, inkqubo yokuqhawula i-laser inyibilika kuphela ucingo kwaye kungekhona i-workpiece ukuba idityaniswe. I-Laser brazing inozinzo oluhle lwe-welding, kodwa amandla okuqina okubangelwa yi-weld aphantsi. Umzobo 3 ubonisa ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo ye-laser brazing kwi-automotive luggage compartment cover welding
Kwinkqubo ye-auto body welding, inkqubo ye-laser brazing isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuwelda amalungu omzimba angafuni amandla aphezulu adibeneyo, njengokuwelda phakathi kwesigqubuthelo esingaphezulu kunye necala elijikelezileyo, ukuwelda phakathi kwendawo ephezulu nasezantsi yomthwalo. Ikhava yekhompatimenti, njl njl. Ikhava ephezulu ye-VW, i-Audi kunye nezinye iimodeli eziphakathi kunye neziphezulu zisebenzisa inkqubo yokubethelwa kwelaser.
Iziphene eziphambili kumalungu e-laser brazed yemizimba yemoto ibandakanya ukukrazula komphetho, i-porosity, i-weld deformation, njl.
Inkqubo yokudibanisa i-automotive body laser-arc composite
Umgaqo wenkqubo ye-laser-arc composite welding yile ilandelayo: imithombo emibini yobushushu, i-laser kunye ne-arc, isetyenziselwa ukwenza ngaxeshanye kumphezulu we-workpiece ukuba idityaniswe, kwaye i-workpiece iyancibilika kwaye iqiniswe ukwenza i-weld seam. Umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa inkqubo ye-laser-arc welding.
I-laser-arc composite welding idibanisa iingenelo ze-laser welding kunye ne-arc welding: okokuqala, phantsi kwesenzo semithombo emibini yobushushu, isantya se-welding sinokunyuswa, igalelo lobushushu liba lincinci, i-weld deformation incinci, igcina iimpawu ze-laser welding. ; okwesibini, isakhono esingcono sokuvala, ukunyamezelana komsantsa wendibano mkhulu; okwesithathu, isantya sokuqina kwechibi elinyibilikisiweyo liya licotha, nto leyo eluncedo ekuphelisweni kwe pores, iintanda kunye nezinye iziphene welding, ukuphucula umbutho kunye nokusebenza zone ezichaphazelekayo ubushushu, ngenxa arc, uyakwazi weld. izinto ezinokubonakala okuphezulu kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephezulu, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa komzimba we-auto, inkqubo ye-laser-arc composite welding yeyona nto idibanisa umzimba we-aluminium alloy alloy kunye ne-aluminium alloy-intsimbi yesinyithi esahlukileyo, ukwenzela umsantsa wendibano yeendawo ezinkulu zokuwelda, njengenxalenye yocango lwemoto yendawo ukuwelda, oku kungenxa yokuba umsantsa indibano ilungele i-laser - arc composite welding bridging performance. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji ye-laser-MIG arc composite welding iphinda isetyenziswe kwindawo yophahla olusecaleni lomzimba we-Audi.
Kwinkqubo ye-auto body welding, i-laser-arc composite welding inenzuzo yokunyamezela i-gap enkulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-laser welding enye, nangona kunjalo, i-laser-arc composite welding ifuna uqwalaselo olubanzi lwendawo enxulumene nelaser kunye ne-arc, iiparamitha ze-laser welding, i-arc. iiparamitha kunye nezinye izinto. Ubushushu kunye nokuziphatha kokudluliselwa kobuninzi benkqubo ye-laser-arc welding iyinkimbinkimbi, ngakumbi ukulawulwa kwamandla okuxutywa kwezinto ezingafaniyo kunye ne-mechanism ye-IMC ubukhulu kunye nokulawulwa kwezicubu akukacaci kwaye kufuna ukomelezwa ngakumbi kophando.
Ezinye iinkqubo ze-automotive body welding laser
I-laser deep fusion welding, i-laser filler welding, i-laser brazing kunye ne-laser-arc composite welding kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-welding zinethiyori eqolileyo ngakumbi kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo eziphathekayo. Njengoko iimfuno zomzi mveliso weemoto zonyuka ngobuchule bokuwelda kunye nemfuno yokuwelda kwemathiriyeli engafaniyo kwimveliso ekhaphukhaphu, i-laser spot welding, i-laser oscillation welding, i-multi-laser beam welding kunye ne-laser flight welding ifumene ingqalelo.
Inkqubo yokuwelda indawo yeLaser
Ukuwelda indawo yeLaser bubuchwephesha bokuwelda belaser obuphambili obuneenzuzo ezibalaseleyo zesantya esikhawulezayo sokuwelda kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-welding. Umgaqo osisiseko wokuwelda indawo ye-laser kukujolisa umqadi welaser kwindawo ekufuneka idityaniswe, ukuze intsimbi ngelo xesha inyibilike ngoko nangoko, kwaye ngokulungelelanisa ingxinano ye-laser ukufezekisa ukuwelda kwe-thermal okanye i-fusion ye-welding enzulu, xa i-laser beam iyeka ukusebenza, isinyithi se-liquid refluxes, siqina kwaye senze i-joint.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuwelda indawo ye-laser: ukuwelda indawo ye-laser kunye ne-laser spot welding eqhubekayo. Umqa we-laser kwi-pulsed laser spot welding unamandla aphezulu aphezulu, kodwa ixesha lesenzo lifutshane, kwaye lidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuwelda iintsimbi ezikhanyayo ezifana ne-magnesium alloys kunye ne-aluminium alloys. Kwi-laser spot welding eqhubekayo, i-laser beam inamandla aphakathi aphezulu kunye nexesha elide lesenzo se-laser, kwaye isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuwelda intsimbi.
Xa ukuwelda umzimba auto, xa kuthelekiswa ukuwelda indawo ukuwelda, laser indawo welding ineengenelo zokungaqhagamshelwa kunye nokuziyila ibala ukuwelda trajectory, leyo inokuhlangabezana nemfuno ukuwelda ezikumgangatho ophezulu phantsi izikhewu lap ezahlukeneyo izixhobo auto umzimba.
Inkqubo ye-laser oscillation welding
I-laser oscillation welding yitekhnoloji entsha ye-laser welding ecetyisiweyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwaye ifumene ingqwalasela ebanzi. Umgaqo wale teknoloji kukufezekisa ukukhawuleza, ukucwangciswa kunye nokuncinci kwe-oscillation ye-laser beam ngokudibanisa isibuko esijikelezayo kwintloko ye-laser welding, ngaloo ndlela ufezekise umphumo wokuvuselela umqadi ngelixa uqhubela phambili ngexesha le-laser welding.
Iindlela eziphambili ze-oscillation kwi-laser oscillation welding process zibandakanya: i-oscillation transverse, i-oscillation ye-longitudinal, i-circular oscillation kunye ne-oscillation engapheliyo. Inkqubo ye-laser oscillation welding inenzuzo ebalulekileyo kwi-auto body welding, njengoko imeko yokuhamba kwechibi lokunyibilika iguqulwa kakhulu yi-oscillation ye-laser beam, ngoko ke inkqubo inokuphelisa iziphene ezingaxutywanga, ukufezekisa ukucocwa okuziinkozo kunye nokucinezela i-porosity kwi-welding ye-welding. Isixhobo esifanayo somzimba we-auto, kunye nokuphucula iingxaki zokungonelanga kokuxubana kwemathiriyeli eyahlukeneyo kunye neempawu ezingalunganga zomatshini womthungo we-weld ekudibaneni kwemathiriyeli ye-auto eyahlukileyo.
Inkqubo ye-welding ye-laser ye-multi-laser
Okwangoku, i-fiber lasers ingasetyenziselwa ukwahlula i-laser beam enye kwimiqadi ye-laser emininzi usebenzisa imodyuli yokuhlukanisa i-beam efakwe kwintloko ye-welding. I-Multi-laser beam welding ilingana nokusebenzisa imithombo yobushushu emininzi kwinkqubo ye-welding. Ngokulungelelanisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwi-beam, imiqadi eyahlukeneyo inokufezekisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, njengale: i-boam ene-high density yamandla iyona nto iphambili, ejongene ne-welding enzulu yokunyibilika; i-sub-beam enoxinano lwamandla aphantsi inokucoca kwaye ifudumeze i-preheat umphezulu wezinto kwaye yandise ukufunxa kwamandla e-laser beam ngezinto.
Inkqubo ye-laser beam welding ye-multi-laser inokuphucula ukuziphatha kokuguquka komphunga we-zinc kunye nokuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kwechibi lokunyibilika ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwamaphepha entsimbi, ukuphucula ingxaki yokutshiza kunye nokwandisa amandla okuqina komthungo we-weld.
Inkqubo ye-laser ye-welding ye-flight
Itekhnoloji ye-laser ye-welding ye-laser yitekhnoloji entsha ye-laser welding enobuchule obuphezulu be-welding kunye noyilo oluzimeleyo lwe-welding trajectory. Umgaqo osisiseko we-laser ye-flight welding kukuba xa i-laser beam isehlo kwi-X kunye ne-Y yezibuko zesibuko sokuskena, i-angle yesibuko ilawulwa ngeprogram yokuzimela ukuphumeza ukuphambuka kwe-laser beam kuyo nayiphi na i-angle.
Ngokwemveli, i-laser welding ye-auto body ikakhulu ixhomekeke kwirobhothi yokuwelda ukuze iqhube intloko ye-laser ye-welding yokunyakaza okuhambelanayo ukufezekisa umphumo we-welding. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiweyo kwe-robot ye-welding kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-auto body welding ngenxa yenani elikhulu le-welds kunye nobude obude be-welds. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-laser flight welding inokufezekiswa phakathi koluhlu oluthile ngokulungelelanisa i-angle yesibonisi. Ke ngoko, itekhnoloji ye-laser ye-welding ye-flight inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding kwaye inethemba elibanzi lesicelo.
Isishwankathelo
Ngophuhliso loshishino lweemoto, ikamva letekhnoloji ye-welding yomzimba iya kuqhubeka nokuphuhlisa kuzo zombini inkqubo yokuwelda kunye netekhnoloji ekrelekrele.
Umzimba ozenzekelayo, ngakumbi umzimba omtsha wesithuthi samandla, ukhula kwicala lobunzima obulula. I-alloys ezikhaphukhaphu, izinto ezidibeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezidibeneyo ziya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumzimba we-auto, inkqubo ye-laser ye-welding yesiqhelo kunzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zayo ze-welding, ngoko umgangatho ophezulu kunye nenkqubo ye-welding esebenzayo iya kuba yindlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubo yokuwelda kwelaser evelayo, efana ne-laser swing welding, i-multi-laser beam welding, i-laser flight welding, njl. Ikamva lifuna ukuba yinkqubo ye-laser ekhulayo ye-welding kunye ne-auto bodyweight lightweight, i-heterogeneous materials welding kunye nezinye iimeko zidityaniswe ngokusondeleyo, i-laser beam swing trajectory design, i-multi-laser beam energy action mechanism kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-flight welding kunye neminye imiba yoku- uphando olunzulu lokuphonononga inkqubo yokuwelda umzimba we-auto lightweight ovuthiweyo.
Itekhnoloji ye-auto body laser welding idityaniswe nzulu kunye netekhnoloji ekrelekrele, imvakalelo yexesha lokwenyani yemo ye-auto body welding laser kunye nokulawulwa kwengxelo yeeparamitha zenkqubo zinendima eqinisekileyo kumgangatho wokuwelda. Itekhnoloji ye-laser ye-welding yangoku ekrelekrele isetyenziswa kakhulu ukucwangciswa komkhondo we-pre-welding kunye nokulandelela kunye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ye-post-welding. Uphando lwasekhaya kunye nolwangaphandle ekubhaqweni kweziphene ze-welding kunye nokulawulwa kwe-adaptive parameters kusekutsha, kwaye inkqubo ye-laser welding parameters itekhnoloji yokulawula itekhnoloji ayisetyenziswanga kwimveliso yomzimba.
Ke ngoko, usetyenziso lwetekhnoloji ye-laser yokuwelda kwiimpawu zenkqubo ye-auto body welding, ikamva kufuneka liphuhliswe kunye ne-multi-sensor ye-laser welding ekrelekrele inkqubo yengqondo kunye nesantya esiphezulu esichanekileyo solawulo lwerobhothi yokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuwelda kwe-laser. ubuchwepheshe obukrelekrele ngexesha langempela kunye nokuchaneka ikhonkco ngalinye, ngokusebenzisa "pre-welding trajectory plan - welding parameters adaptive control post-welding quality online Inspection" link, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Inkampani yeMaven laser automation igxile kumzi mveliso welaser iminyaka eli-14, sisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kwi-laser welding, sinomatshini wokuwelda ingalo yerobhothi, umatshini wokuwelda weTayibhile weLaser, umatshini weWelding weLaser weHandheld, ukongeza, sinomatshini wokuwelda welaser, umatshini wokusika welaser. kunye nomatshini wokumakishwa kwe-laser, sineemeko ezininzi zesisombululo se-laser welding, ukuba unomdla unokuhlala uqhagamshelana nathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-09-2022
